(SNCOA Test 1) Latest Update 2025-2026 Exam
70 Questions with 100% Verified Correct
Answers Guaranteed A+
Ad hominem fallacy - CORRECT ANSWER: this occurs when you criticize the person
(character or reputation) making an argument, not the argument itself.
Ad populum - CORRECT ANSWER: this pitfall occurs when someone attempts to
appeal to the popularity of the claim as a reason for accepting the claim (because
"everyone" thinks or does it, it must be right).
Adaptation innovation theory - CORRECT ANSWER: Suggests problem solving and
creativity are are both outcomes of the same brain function... Think of creativity as a
component of problem solving.
Adaptive style - CORRECT ANSWER: represents a method/preference of problem
solving that's more structured and methodical. Creativity is exercised in the box.
Ambiguity - CORRECT ANSWER: this limitation involves a word or expression that can
be understood in more than one way
Argument from ignorance - CORRECT ANSWER: This occurs when you state your
claim is true only because it hasn't been proven false (or true).
Assuring expressions - CORRECT ANSWER: these are phrases that attempt to disarm
you from questioning the validity of an argument
Authentic leadership - CORRECT ANSWER: suggests that effective leaders are true to
themselves and others, have positive psychological states, and adhere to strong morals
and values.
, Bridging - CORRECT ANSWER: reaching out to people in the team and helping them to
be part of it so that they may contribute even if their contribution is outside mainstream.
Clarity - CORRECT ANSWER: Clarity is the gateway standard. This means if a
statement/problem lacks clarity, you can't determine whether it meets any of the other
intellectual standards.
Cognitive gaps - CORRECT ANSWER: differences in cognitive style preferences
Cognitive level - CORRECT ANSWER: a measure of your cognitive capacity. Another
way to put it is a measurement (high/low) of how much knowledge you have about a
particular topic.
Cognitive style preference - CORRECT ANSWER: refers to your preferred manner of
solving problems, making decisions, and bringing about change. It represents the
approach you us to think... the way you perceive and process information.
Confidence in reason - CORRECT ANSWER: involves confidence that, in the long run,
your own higher interests and those of humankind at large will be best served by
allowing people the right to reason and by encouraging people to come to their own
conclusions via their own rational faculties.
Confirmation bias and selective thinking - CORRECT ANSWER: occurs when you tend
to notice and look for information that confirms your beliefs, while ignoring the relevance
of information that contradicts your beliefs.
Conscientious - CORRECT ANSWER: People who operate out of this dimension focus
on "working conscientiously within existing circumstances to ensure quality and
accuracy."
Contingent Reward - CORRECT ANSWER: CR transactions are more like agreements
where the leader establishes goals, identifies ways to reach these goals, and supports
the follower in meeting these goals.