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6 major areas of the discipline of criminology - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. the definition of
of crime and criminals
2. the origins and role of the law
3. the social distribution of crime
4. the causation of crime
5. patterns of criminal behaviour
6. societal reactions to crime
according to cultural criminologists, what does dangerous knowledge refer to? -
CORRECT ANSWER: a form of knowledge that leaves no concept or idea
unquestioned, including that of criminology itself
according to marxist criminologists what best represents the root of conflict and crime -
CORRECT ANSWER: capitalist and class relations
according to the morality curve, what is the best way to reduce crime rates overall -
CORRECT ANSWER: reduce crime among the elite and powerful
advisor systems - CORRECT ANSWER: disputants sought the counsel of an advisor
-high status men who were settling disputes harmoniously increased their status as
advisors
Agamben: Sovereignty and the State of Exception - CORRECT ANSWER: sovereign: a
person empowered to declare a state of exception
-The suspension of civil liberties and human rights for the sake of social control and
national security
,-Modern society and citizenship (the social contract) create the conditions in
whichsovereign power can return citizens to a state of naked life
agents of social control - CORRECT ANSWER: police, judges etc
antisocial personality disorder - CORRECT ANSWER: -disregard for the rights of others
begins at childhood with lying stealing etc
-15-25% of the inmate population fit this category
-fit well into the corporate world
as part of Bourdieu;s field theory, what concept refers to the various qualities that are
valuable within a specific field - CORRECT ANSWER: capital
Attempting to "fit" women into mainstream theories - CORRECT ANSWER: -The
generalizability problem
-The gender-ratio problem
best defines role theory as part of the liberal approach to theorizing women's criminality
- CORRECT ANSWER: differences between men and women are seen as due to
gender roles and socialization patterns
Bourdieu's Field Theory - CORRECT ANSWER: -Society is made up of multiple "fields"
-Capital (qualities) and habitus (dispositions)ensure the success of certain actors
withineach field
Bourdieu's Field Theory: Wacquant's Carceral-Assistential Mesh - CORRECT
ANSWER: -When the left and the right hand of the state come together to punish the
poor
-E.g., the education institution assists in the disproportionate incarceration of poor and
racialized men in the United States
, Canadian centre for justice statistics (CCJS) - CORRECT ANSWER: data on criminal
incidents, arrests, charged, convictions and dispositions have improved
career contingency - CORRECT ANSWER: An unintended event, process, or situation
that occurs by chance that can affect the movement of an individual along deviant
career.
classical school - CORRECT ANSWER: liberalism and utilitarianism to the justice
system
-rights, fairness and due process
community psychology - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. individual level: individual deficits
2. small group level: group functioning deficits
3. organizational level: society have not accomplished what they are supposed to
4. institutional or community: social problems are created by institutions
conduct norms represent the agreed upon behaviours within different cultural groups -
CORRECT ANSWER: true
conflict theories - CORRECT ANSWER: questions the assumption that the law reflects
the interests of society as a whole
-rather the law reflects the interests of the elite
consensus approach - CORRECT ANSWER: law does represent the values and norms
of society
Contemporary feminist criminology - CORRECT ANSWER: -Begins outside mainstream
criminology
-Focuses on criminalized women and the feminization of poverty
-Accounts for distinctly gendered forms of victimization caused by social conditions in
patriarchal societies: the cultural construction of rape