Physiology 261 Final Study Guide Latest Update
2025-2026 Exam 115 Questions with 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
ACE - CORRECT ANSWER: Angiotensin converting enzyme; converts ANG I to ANG II
Acid-base balance (renal control) - CORRECT ANSWER: controls the blood levels of
bicarbonate
Acid-base balance (respiratory) - CORRECT ANSWER: controls the blood levels of
carbonic acid by controlling the exhalation of CO2
Acromegaly - CORRECT ANSWER: Excess growth hormone in hands feet face
Action potentials - CORRECT ANSWER: rapid electrical signals that travel undiminished
in amplitude from the cell body to the axon terminals
Action potentials begin - CORRECT ANSWER: trigger zone if either a single graded
potential or the sum of multiple graded potentials exceeds a minimum depolarization it
is known as threshold.
Active cellular transport - CORRECT ANSWER: movement of molecules across a cell
membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of higher concentration -
against concentration gradient. (requires cellular energy to achieve this movement)
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) - CORRECT ANSWER: triggers adrenal to
release steroids and cortisol
affects the adrenal cortex to produce steroids
regulates carbohydrates, fat, bp, & protein metabolism
, adrenogenital syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER: Results from excess androgen in
females
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER: Steroid hormone that increases Na+ and K+
secretion
All of none principe - CORRECT ANSWER: states that all stimuli great enough to bring
the membrane to threshold will produce action potentials of identical magnitude.
amine hormones - CORRECT ANSWER: synthesized from either tyrosine (e.g.,
melatonin) or tryptophan (e.g., catecholamines and thyroid hormones)
Amylase - CORRECT ANSWER: digests starch to maltose
Angiogenesis: - CORRECT ANSWER: Development of new blood vessels. process by
which new blood vessels grow and develop especially after birth
Anion - CORRECT ANSWER: negatively charged with more electrons than protons
Boyles Law - CORRECT ANSWER: States that as the volume available to gas
increases, the gas pressure decreases also gas volume is inversely proportional to
pressure
Cardiac output (CO) - CORRECT ANSWER: Heart rate & stroke volume is the volume
pumped per ventricle per unit time. (heart rate x stroke volume= cardiac output). Volume
of blood pumped by one ventricle in a given period of time
Cations - CORRECT ANSWER: A positively charged ion with fewer electrons than
protons
Chemical digestion - CORRECT ANSWER: chemical and mechanical breakdown of
foods into absorbable units
2025-2026 Exam 115 Questions with 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
ACE - CORRECT ANSWER: Angiotensin converting enzyme; converts ANG I to ANG II
Acid-base balance (renal control) - CORRECT ANSWER: controls the blood levels of
bicarbonate
Acid-base balance (respiratory) - CORRECT ANSWER: controls the blood levels of
carbonic acid by controlling the exhalation of CO2
Acromegaly - CORRECT ANSWER: Excess growth hormone in hands feet face
Action potentials - CORRECT ANSWER: rapid electrical signals that travel undiminished
in amplitude from the cell body to the axon terminals
Action potentials begin - CORRECT ANSWER: trigger zone if either a single graded
potential or the sum of multiple graded potentials exceeds a minimum depolarization it
is known as threshold.
Active cellular transport - CORRECT ANSWER: movement of molecules across a cell
membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of higher concentration -
against concentration gradient. (requires cellular energy to achieve this movement)
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) - CORRECT ANSWER: triggers adrenal to
release steroids and cortisol
affects the adrenal cortex to produce steroids
regulates carbohydrates, fat, bp, & protein metabolism
, adrenogenital syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER: Results from excess androgen in
females
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER: Steroid hormone that increases Na+ and K+
secretion
All of none principe - CORRECT ANSWER: states that all stimuli great enough to bring
the membrane to threshold will produce action potentials of identical magnitude.
amine hormones - CORRECT ANSWER: synthesized from either tyrosine (e.g.,
melatonin) or tryptophan (e.g., catecholamines and thyroid hormones)
Amylase - CORRECT ANSWER: digests starch to maltose
Angiogenesis: - CORRECT ANSWER: Development of new blood vessels. process by
which new blood vessels grow and develop especially after birth
Anion - CORRECT ANSWER: negatively charged with more electrons than protons
Boyles Law - CORRECT ANSWER: States that as the volume available to gas
increases, the gas pressure decreases also gas volume is inversely proportional to
pressure
Cardiac output (CO) - CORRECT ANSWER: Heart rate & stroke volume is the volume
pumped per ventricle per unit time. (heart rate x stroke volume= cardiac output). Volume
of blood pumped by one ventricle in a given period of time
Cations - CORRECT ANSWER: A positively charged ion with fewer electrons than
protons
Chemical digestion - CORRECT ANSWER: chemical and mechanical breakdown of
foods into absorbable units
