SKELETAL SYSTEM
The skeletal system is formed of bones and cartilages
The bones are connected by joints to form the skeleton.
Functions of bones
• They form the skeleton which gives the body
shape and form
• They provide attachment for muscles & ligaments
• They allow movements of the body
• They provide protection for vital organs
• They provide storage places for calcium salts
• Production of blood cells in the red bone marrow
,Types of Bone (according to structure)
• The bone is a type of connective tissue
• It is hard because of its high content of
calcium salts
• There are 2 types of bone tissue:
Compact bone: which is dense & hard. It
forms the shaft of long bones, and outer
shell of other bones.
It consists of cylindrical units of closely
packed lamellae (Haversian system)
Cancellous (spongy) bone: a delicate
bony meshwork that fills the inside of
bones.
Compact
,Types of Bones (according to shape)
• Long bones: these are longer than wide, and are found in limbs, e.g.
humerus.
• Short bones: they are cuboidal in shape, and found in the hand and
foot (carpal & tarsal bones)
• Flat bones: thin and flattened, e.g. scapula & skull bones
• Irregular bones: they are irregular in shape, e.g. vertebrae
• Pneumatic bones: they contain air-filled cavities, e.g. ethmoid bone
• Sesamoid bones: embedded within certain tendons, e.g. patella
• Sutural bones: found between the skull sutures
Remember!! Metatarsal & metacarpal bones and phalanges are
considered long bones
Short bones Long bone
Long bones Flat bone
, Patella
Pneumatic bone Irregular bone Sesamoid bone
Sutural bones
The skeletal system is formed of bones and cartilages
The bones are connected by joints to form the skeleton.
Functions of bones
• They form the skeleton which gives the body
shape and form
• They provide attachment for muscles & ligaments
• They allow movements of the body
• They provide protection for vital organs
• They provide storage places for calcium salts
• Production of blood cells in the red bone marrow
,Types of Bone (according to structure)
• The bone is a type of connective tissue
• It is hard because of its high content of
calcium salts
• There are 2 types of bone tissue:
Compact bone: which is dense & hard. It
forms the shaft of long bones, and outer
shell of other bones.
It consists of cylindrical units of closely
packed lamellae (Haversian system)
Cancellous (spongy) bone: a delicate
bony meshwork that fills the inside of
bones.
Compact
,Types of Bones (according to shape)
• Long bones: these are longer than wide, and are found in limbs, e.g.
humerus.
• Short bones: they are cuboidal in shape, and found in the hand and
foot (carpal & tarsal bones)
• Flat bones: thin and flattened, e.g. scapula & skull bones
• Irregular bones: they are irregular in shape, e.g. vertebrae
• Pneumatic bones: they contain air-filled cavities, e.g. ethmoid bone
• Sesamoid bones: embedded within certain tendons, e.g. patella
• Sutural bones: found between the skull sutures
Remember!! Metatarsal & metacarpal bones and phalanges are
considered long bones
Short bones Long bone
Long bones Flat bone
, Patella
Pneumatic bone Irregular bone Sesamoid bone
Sutural bones
