Attitude |Inoculation |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Resisting |a |"small" |attack |on |our |attitude
|makes |us |better |able |to |resist |"larger" |attacks |later |on.
Thought |Polarization |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Simply |thinking |about |an |issue |tends |to
|produce |more |extreme, |resistant |attitudes.
Selective |Evaluation |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔People |like |things |that |support |their
|current |attitudes |and |dislike |things |that |contradict |their |current |attitudes
2 |Models |of |Persuasion |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Heuristic-Systematic |Model
Elaboration-Likelihood |Model
Primary |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Automatic |disposition |attribution
|
E.g., |She |must |be |a |very |nervous |person!
|
Secondary |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more |deliberate
Deliberate, |effortful |correction |using |situational |attribution
She |was |forced |to |talk |about |an |anxiety-provoking |topic...I |guess |she |may |not |necessarily |be |a
|very |nervous |person
, Primary |Appraisal |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Initial |flash |of |positive |or |negative |feelings
E.g., |Like! |Dislike!
|
Secondary |Appraisal |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more |deliberate
Transforms |initial |positive |or |negative |feelings |into |more |specifically |labeled |emotions
Why |do |you |feel |the |way |that |you |do? |How |do |you |want |to |respond?
|
"That's |unfair!" |--> |Anger
|
"That's |dangerous!" |--> |Fear
|
"That's |gross!" |--> |Disgust
|
Peripheral |(Heuristic) |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Use |of |peripheral |information |or |heuristics |for |evaluation
E.g., |Source |attractiveness, |source |expertise, |number |and |length |of |arguments, |consensus
|
Central |(Systematic) |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more
|deliberate
Use |of |central |or |systematic |processing |of |information |for |evaluation
E.g., |Argument |quality |(Does |the |argument |make |sense? |Is |it |convincing?)
|
The |basic |idea |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔When |you |see |a |message, |can |either |think
|about |it |a |lot |or |a |little
Thinking |a |lot |about |it |means |you |have |elaborated |on |the |message; |"taking |the |central |route"
Thinking |a |little |about |it |means |you |have |not |elaborated |on |the |message; |"taking |the
|peripheral |route"
|makes |us |better |able |to |resist |"larger" |attacks |later |on.
Thought |Polarization |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Simply |thinking |about |an |issue |tends |to
|produce |more |extreme, |resistant |attitudes.
Selective |Evaluation |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔People |like |things |that |support |their
|current |attitudes |and |dislike |things |that |contradict |their |current |attitudes
2 |Models |of |Persuasion |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Heuristic-Systematic |Model
Elaboration-Likelihood |Model
Primary |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Automatic |disposition |attribution
|
E.g., |She |must |be |a |very |nervous |person!
|
Secondary |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more |deliberate
Deliberate, |effortful |correction |using |situational |attribution
She |was |forced |to |talk |about |an |anxiety-provoking |topic...I |guess |she |may |not |necessarily |be |a
|very |nervous |person
, Primary |Appraisal |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Initial |flash |of |positive |or |negative |feelings
E.g., |Like! |Dislike!
|
Secondary |Appraisal |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more |deliberate
Transforms |initial |positive |or |negative |feelings |into |more |specifically |labeled |emotions
Why |do |you |feel |the |way |that |you |do? |How |do |you |want |to |respond?
|
"That's |unfair!" |--> |Anger
|
"That's |dangerous!" |--> |Fear
|
"That's |gross!" |--> |Disgust
|
Peripheral |(Heuristic) |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Unconscious, |fast, |automatic
Use |of |peripheral |information |or |heuristics |for |evaluation
E.g., |Source |attractiveness, |source |expertise, |number |and |length |of |arguments, |consensus
|
Central |(Systematic) |Process |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔Conscious, |slower, |more
|deliberate
Use |of |central |or |systematic |processing |of |information |for |evaluation
E.g., |Argument |quality |(Does |the |argument |make |sense? |Is |it |convincing?)
|
The |basic |idea |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔When |you |see |a |message, |can |either |think
|about |it |a |lot |or |a |little
Thinking |a |lot |about |it |means |you |have |elaborated |on |the |message; |"taking |the |central |route"
Thinking |a |little |about |it |means |you |have |not |elaborated |on |the |message; |"taking |the
|peripheral |route"
