ADVANCED ALCOHOL AND DRUG
COUNSELOR EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Drug Use - ANSWER-is a term used to describe the consumption of a drug in a socially
acceptable or ritualistic manner.
Drug Misuse - ANSWER-involves the inappropriate, or unintentional, use of a
prescription or nonprescription drug resulting in the physical, cognitive, emotional, or
social impairment of the individual.
Nervous System - ANSWER-composed of the central nervous system (CNS) and the
peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWER-composed of the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWER-is made up of nerves that branch from
the CNS to the rest of the body. There are two parts: the somatic system and the
autonomic system.
Somatic System - ANSWER-connects the nerves of the CNS to the skin and skeletal
muscles.
Autonomic System - ANSWER-connects the nerves of the CNS to the organs of the
body. Function involuntarily and has two subdivisions: the sympathetic division and the
parasympathetic division.
Sympathetic Division - ANSWER-involves the fight or flight response.
Parasympathetic Division - ANSWER-returns the body processes to normal after the
sympathetic division has been engaged.
Neurons - ANSWER-are the cells that are responsible for the transmission of
information and has one axon, but may have many dendrites.
Cell Body - ANSWER-processes called axons and dendrites.
Synaptic Knobs - ANSWER-end of each axon and holds neurotransmitters in its
vesicles.
Chemical Receptors - ANSWER-end of the dendrites.
, Synaptic Cleft - ANSWER-space between neurons.
Synapse - ANSWER-junction between neighboring neurons and is filled with a type of
fat that acts as an insulator.
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER-Cell body manufactures these chemicals which transmit
nerve impulses between cells.
Presynaptic Neuron - ANSWER-cell which releases the neurotransmitter.
Postsynaptic Neuron - ANSWER-cell which receives the neurotransmitter.
Excitatory - ANSWER-which means that it helps start the transmission of a nerve
impulse.
Inhibitory - ANSWER-which means that it inhibits the transmission of nerve impulse.
Acetylcholine - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): muscle movement
Norepinephrine - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): arousal, moods, memory
formation
Dopamine - ANSWER-(inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter): body movement,
pleasure, reward
Serotonin - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): emotion, mood, sleep, temperature
regulation
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): motor
behavior (deficit may result in convulsions)
Glycine - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): spinal reflexes, motor behavior
Enkephalins and Endorphins - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): pain reduction,
pleasure
Receptor Site - ANSWER-Many drugs can bind to this and mimick the effects however
some drugs with bind to this but will not activate it.
Medulla Oblongata - ANSWER-Lowest part of the brain. Made up of ascending and
descending nerve fibers that connect the spinal cord to the brain. Controls vital life-
sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion. Drugs
such as opiates and barbiturates can depress the function of the medulla and even
cause death.
COUNSELOR EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Drug Use - ANSWER-is a term used to describe the consumption of a drug in a socially
acceptable or ritualistic manner.
Drug Misuse - ANSWER-involves the inappropriate, or unintentional, use of a
prescription or nonprescription drug resulting in the physical, cognitive, emotional, or
social impairment of the individual.
Nervous System - ANSWER-composed of the central nervous system (CNS) and the
peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWER-composed of the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWER-is made up of nerves that branch from
the CNS to the rest of the body. There are two parts: the somatic system and the
autonomic system.
Somatic System - ANSWER-connects the nerves of the CNS to the skin and skeletal
muscles.
Autonomic System - ANSWER-connects the nerves of the CNS to the organs of the
body. Function involuntarily and has two subdivisions: the sympathetic division and the
parasympathetic division.
Sympathetic Division - ANSWER-involves the fight or flight response.
Parasympathetic Division - ANSWER-returns the body processes to normal after the
sympathetic division has been engaged.
Neurons - ANSWER-are the cells that are responsible for the transmission of
information and has one axon, but may have many dendrites.
Cell Body - ANSWER-processes called axons and dendrites.
Synaptic Knobs - ANSWER-end of each axon and holds neurotransmitters in its
vesicles.
Chemical Receptors - ANSWER-end of the dendrites.
, Synaptic Cleft - ANSWER-space between neurons.
Synapse - ANSWER-junction between neighboring neurons and is filled with a type of
fat that acts as an insulator.
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER-Cell body manufactures these chemicals which transmit
nerve impulses between cells.
Presynaptic Neuron - ANSWER-cell which releases the neurotransmitter.
Postsynaptic Neuron - ANSWER-cell which receives the neurotransmitter.
Excitatory - ANSWER-which means that it helps start the transmission of a nerve
impulse.
Inhibitory - ANSWER-which means that it inhibits the transmission of nerve impulse.
Acetylcholine - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): muscle movement
Norepinephrine - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): arousal, moods, memory
formation
Dopamine - ANSWER-(inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter): body movement,
pleasure, reward
Serotonin - ANSWER-(excitatory neurotransmitter): emotion, mood, sleep, temperature
regulation
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): motor
behavior (deficit may result in convulsions)
Glycine - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): spinal reflexes, motor behavior
Enkephalins and Endorphins - ANSWER-(inhibitory neurotransmitter): pain reduction,
pleasure
Receptor Site - ANSWER-Many drugs can bind to this and mimick the effects however
some drugs with bind to this but will not activate it.
Medulla Oblongata - ANSWER-Lowest part of the brain. Made up of ascending and
descending nerve fibers that connect the spinal cord to the brain. Controls vital life-
sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion. Drugs
such as opiates and barbiturates can depress the function of the medulla and even
cause death.
