MEDSURGE 2 CERTIFICATION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

MEDSURGE 2 CERTIFICATION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS which foods are good source of calcium? -Answer-- milk - sardines - almonds which foods are high in calcium? select all that apply -Answer-- yogurt - salmon - cottage cheese a pt w ostiomalacia may be prescribed vit d3 and vit D2 supplements for which treatment goal? -Answer-recealcification of the bone mass teriparatide -Answer-is used in bone regeneration, this drug stimulates the formation of new bones-- used to treat osteoporosis in men and postmenipausal women - its is given sub Q - it is a recombinant form of parathyroid hormone that increases the action of osteoblast bone remodeling is consistent in reducing fractures unless the pt has which condition? -Answer-osteoporosis: because bone loss exceeds building of the bone w osteoclasts. which weight- bearing activity will the nurse encourage to reduce a pt risk for bone fracture? -Answer-30 min daily walk: -swimming, isometric, and chair aerobics do not use weight of the body, making them less effective in preventing bone fractures. which condition is related to spinal vertebral fractures duet to osteoporosis? -Answer-wedging and fractures of the vertabrae over time: this gradually reduces the pt height, resulting in hunched-back look. which procedure is used to treat osteoporotic wertecral fractures? -Answer-kyphoplasty RATIONALE and vertebroplasty how is bone resorption related to bone deposition in osteoporosis? -Answer-bone resorption exceeds bone deposition which condition increases a pt risk for osteoporosis? select all that apply -Answer-- kidney disease - hyperthyroidism - diabetes mellitus - RA which factor makes women more prone to osteoporosis than men? -Answer-earlier bone resorption RATIONALE bone resorption happens more early in women and becomes more rapid at menopause with which frequency will an IV infusion of zoledronic acid be given for a pt w osteoporosis? -Answer-annually from the time of the last infusion RATIONALE Zeledronic acid is a bisphosphonate drug that is used to slow bone resorption. it should be administered annually, and the effect of the medicine lasts for as long as 2 year. which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a pt w arthritis about ways to protect the small joints? -Answer-- carry your laundry basket w both arms - slide objects instead of picking them up - use doorknobs that are pushed rather than turned the nurse will inform a pt who has been prescribed topical diclofenac sodium to take which precations? -Answer-- avoid exposure to light (induce skin tumors) - do not coadminister w oral aspirin (potential of increase side effects) RATIONALE it is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory NSAID. which medication used to treat arthritis must be used at regular intervals for maximal effet? -Answer-capsaicin cream it is a topical analgestic that must be used regularly ovr time for the greatest effect osteoarthritis (OA) -Answer-characterized mainly by joiny pain on movement. -early morning stiffness that resolves w in 30 min - mainly effects weight baring joints -- DIAGNOSTIC - CT scan: can detect changes in the joints due to high sensitivity - MRI: can detect changes in the joints due to high sensitivity - synovial fluid that is clear yellow which description is associated w OA? -Answer--degeneration of cartilage in synovial (diarthrodial) joints' :degenerative joint disease". - men experience hip OA more than women - women have higher incidence of OA than men - Ibuprofen is given for pain every 8 hrs-- tell pt to take w food to reduce risk of GI bleeding gout -Answer-recurring, acute type of arthritis due to acummulation of uric acid in one or more joints. COMPLICATION? secondary osteoarthritis (OA), chronic joint deformity and cartilage destruction may lead to secondary OA. - presence of urate crystals in synovial fluid which type of nodules occur on the DISTAL interphalangeal (DIP) of a pt w OA? -Answer-HErbeden's nodules: small, hard, nodules near the tip of fingers and toes. Tophi -Answer-hard, white nodueles sub Q tissue in pt w gaut Bouchard's nodes -Answer-occur w OA at the PROXIMAL interphalangeal joint. which term refers to the joint changes associated w osteoarthritis? -Answer-Degenerative: NOT inflammatory. OA is "wear and tear" which knee assessment finding does the nurse expect for a pt who has OA of the knees? -Answer-pain w joint movement: which clinical manifistation is associated w OA? -Answer-crepitation in the weight- bearing joints: OA mainly affects weight baring joints therefore crepitation (a crackling or clicking sound heard w joint movement) may be pressent in affected ppl. which factors contribute to an increased risk for developing OA? select all that apply -Answer-- history of fracture R anckle - played football in high school and college - frequent exacerbations of COPD w steroid ude which knee assessment finding does the nurse expect for a pt who is sqeduled for knee aethroscopy related to OA? -Answer-pain with joint movement RATIONALE OA is characterized predominantly bu joint pain upon movement and is a classic feature of the disease. which actions help to reduce the risk of OA? select all that apply -Answer-- avoiding forceful, repetitive movements - maintaining a healthy BMI