4. Spiritual Value – lifts the inner spirit
and soul and has the power to motivate and
INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE inspire readers.
- Does not only pertain to being
religious, but also to our belief
Literature
systems and how we nourish
- littera “a letter of alphabet”
our souls.
- a body of written works by a given
culture or by the whole humankind.
5. Permanence - determined by a written
- highlights significant human
work’s ability to stand the test of time,
experiences that tell the story of
which makes it impossible to determine at
individuals.
the moment of writing
- totality of human expression.
- Enduring & Timeliness
- Bakit hanggang ngayon
Literary Standards pinag-aaral natin ang mga
ancient literary texts?
1. Artistry - aesthetically appealing and - Because these texts stands still
reveals or conveys hidden truth and beauty through test of time
page.
- You need to analyze the form 6. Universality - appeals to the hearts and
and structure of the literary minds of almost any reader.
work. - Kahit sino ang magbasa,
- Figures of speech, imagery, sounds makakarelate sila.
and all elements.
- How did these elements contribute 7. Style - the distinct way the authors
to the aesthetic appeal of the literary express their thoughts.
work? - Subjective
- Ex. Bob Ong use words that are
2. Suggestiveness - to inspire and relatable and easy to understand
provoke thoughts and understanding that’s why it's popular to the youth
beyond the actual words written on the
page. Literature has two main functions:
- How did it provoke your a. Dulce (sweetness) \ entertainment -
thoughts? b. Utile (usefulness) \ information
3. Intellectual Value - promotes Functions of Literature
critical thinking that enhances both
abstract and reason-based thought
Crilo F. Bautista - “Literature raises life to
processes and makes readers focus on
a new level of meaning and understanding,
the fundamental truths of life and
and in the process restores sanity and
nature.
justice in an insane and unjust world”.
, - There are issues to society that we ○ Sonnet - fourteen-line poem
don’t talk about however these with a specific rhyme scheme
writers use literature to open the ○ Haiku - three line poem from
eyes of the people. Japan, 5-7-5 syllable scheme
JF Loria - “Perhaps what makes literature and uses nature to express
a more delightful and enriching study than an emotion or concept. Aims to
the rest that deal with the past is its capture the fleeting nature.
potential of making readers identify with
what they learned through values learned.” b. Narrative
- Literature can improve our - tells a story in lines and verses,
compassion and empathy originally sung by bards.
Divisions of Literature ○ Ballad - set to music, focused on
usual human experiences
○ Epic - tells the story of heroes.
TYPES
○ Metrical Tale - topic vary:
- Oral
romance, quest for adventure,
- Written
love, and life. (Characters are
ordinary people)
Forms
○ Metrical Romance (chivalric
- Poetry
poems) - story of adventure,
- Fictional Prose
love, chivalry, and deeds of
- Nonfictional Prose
derring-do (Characters are
- Drama
royal people)
Poetry
Fictional Prose
Poetry
Fictional Prose
- the use of language through
- Is written in ordinary,
imagery, figurative language,
non-metrical language.
and poetic devices.
- Texts feature characters, settings,
- they leave implicit messages in their
and incidents which are born out
works
of the writer’s imagination
- It may include supernatural
a. Lyric
elements or extraordinary events,
- sung with a lyre and focuses on
but still rooted in reality.
the writer’s personal
experiences, close relationships
a. Short Story - has plot, characters,
and emotions.
setting and conflict, and it can be
read in one sitting.
○ Elegy - poem to honor the
dead
b. Novel - features chapters with
○ Ode - poem that pays tribute to fictional elements.
a person, idea, place.
and soul and has the power to motivate and
INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE inspire readers.
- Does not only pertain to being
religious, but also to our belief
Literature
systems and how we nourish
- littera “a letter of alphabet”
our souls.
- a body of written works by a given
culture or by the whole humankind.
5. Permanence - determined by a written
- highlights significant human
work’s ability to stand the test of time,
experiences that tell the story of
which makes it impossible to determine at
individuals.
the moment of writing
- totality of human expression.
- Enduring & Timeliness
- Bakit hanggang ngayon
Literary Standards pinag-aaral natin ang mga
ancient literary texts?
1. Artistry - aesthetically appealing and - Because these texts stands still
reveals or conveys hidden truth and beauty through test of time
page.
- You need to analyze the form 6. Universality - appeals to the hearts and
and structure of the literary minds of almost any reader.
work. - Kahit sino ang magbasa,
- Figures of speech, imagery, sounds makakarelate sila.
and all elements.
- How did these elements contribute 7. Style - the distinct way the authors
to the aesthetic appeal of the literary express their thoughts.
work? - Subjective
- Ex. Bob Ong use words that are
2. Suggestiveness - to inspire and relatable and easy to understand
provoke thoughts and understanding that’s why it's popular to the youth
beyond the actual words written on the
page. Literature has two main functions:
- How did it provoke your a. Dulce (sweetness) \ entertainment -
thoughts? b. Utile (usefulness) \ information
3. Intellectual Value - promotes Functions of Literature
critical thinking that enhances both
abstract and reason-based thought
Crilo F. Bautista - “Literature raises life to
processes and makes readers focus on
a new level of meaning and understanding,
the fundamental truths of life and
and in the process restores sanity and
nature.
justice in an insane and unjust world”.
, - There are issues to society that we ○ Sonnet - fourteen-line poem
don’t talk about however these with a specific rhyme scheme
writers use literature to open the ○ Haiku - three line poem from
eyes of the people. Japan, 5-7-5 syllable scheme
JF Loria - “Perhaps what makes literature and uses nature to express
a more delightful and enriching study than an emotion or concept. Aims to
the rest that deal with the past is its capture the fleeting nature.
potential of making readers identify with
what they learned through values learned.” b. Narrative
- Literature can improve our - tells a story in lines and verses,
compassion and empathy originally sung by bards.
Divisions of Literature ○ Ballad - set to music, focused on
usual human experiences
○ Epic - tells the story of heroes.
TYPES
○ Metrical Tale - topic vary:
- Oral
romance, quest for adventure,
- Written
love, and life. (Characters are
ordinary people)
Forms
○ Metrical Romance (chivalric
- Poetry
poems) - story of adventure,
- Fictional Prose
love, chivalry, and deeds of
- Nonfictional Prose
derring-do (Characters are
- Drama
royal people)
Poetry
Fictional Prose
Poetry
Fictional Prose
- the use of language through
- Is written in ordinary,
imagery, figurative language,
non-metrical language.
and poetic devices.
- Texts feature characters, settings,
- they leave implicit messages in their
and incidents which are born out
works
of the writer’s imagination
- It may include supernatural
a. Lyric
elements or extraordinary events,
- sung with a lyre and focuses on
but still rooted in reality.
the writer’s personal
experiences, close relationships
a. Short Story - has plot, characters,
and emotions.
setting and conflict, and it can be
read in one sitting.
○ Elegy - poem to honor the
dead
b. Novel - features chapters with
○ Ode - poem that pays tribute to fictional elements.
a person, idea, place.
