BEP 550 Test 1 Questions And
100% Correct Answers
a field of study devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan
- ANSWER developmental science
an explanation using an integrated set of statements that describes, explains, and
predicts behaviors - ANSWER Theory
a process of gradually augmenting the same types of skills that were there to begin with
- ANSWER continuous development
a process in which new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at
specific times - ANSWER discontinuous development
qualitative changes in thinking, feeling, and behaving that characterize specific periods
of development - ANSWER stages
open to change in response to influential experiences - ANSWER Plasticity
Theories that accept the ______________ perspective think that development takes place
in stages. - ANSWER discontinuous
Theorists who emphasize stability stress the importance of - ANSWER heredity
Theorists who regard environmental influences as key factors in development believe
that _____________ are most important. - ANSWER early experiences
What are the lifespan perspective's 4 assumptions? - ANSWER development is lifelong,
development is multidimensional and multidirectional, development is plastic,
development is influenced by multiple, interacting factors
According to the lifespan perspective, what forces is development influenced by? -
ANSWER biological, historical, social, and cultural
According to the lifespan perspective, what are the 3 types of influences? - ANSWER 1.
age graded
2. history graded
3. nonnormative
What type of influence has to do with events that are strongly related to age and are
therefore fairly predicatable? - ANSWER age graded influences
,What type of influence explains why people who are born around the same time tend to
be alike in different ways - ANSWER history graded influences
What type of influence includes events that happen to one person or just a few people
and do not follow a particular timetable? - ANSWER nonnormative influences
What are the 8 major periods of human development? - ANSWER 1. prenatal (conception
to birth)
2. infancy and toddlerhood (0-2)
3. Early childhood (2-6)
4. middle childhood (6-11)
5. adolescence (11-18)
6. early adulthood (18-40)
7. middle adulthood (40-65)
8. late adulthood (65-death)
Who created the theory of evolution? - ANSWER Charles Darwin
What 2 principles does the theory of evolution emphasize? - ANSWER natural selection
and survival of the fittest
who is regarded as the founder of the child study movement? - ANSWER G. Stanley Hall
What is the name of a genetically determined set of events that unfold automatically and
who devised it? - ANSWER maturational process; Hall and Gesell
Who launched the normative approach? - ANSWER Hall and Gesell
measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related
averages are computed to represent typical development - ANSWER the normative
approach
who invented the first successful intelligence test - ANSWER alfred binet and theodore
simon
in 1916, stanford adapted Binet's test and it became known as - ANSWER the
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale
people move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between
biological desires and societal expectations. How these conflicts are resolved
determines the person's ability to learn, get along with others, and cope with anxiety...
what perspective is this? - ANSWER The Psychoanalytic Perspective
who are are the two influential people who contributed to the psychoanalytic
, perspective - ANSWER Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson
What theory was created by Sigmund Freud? - ANSWER Psychosexual theory
What theory emphasizes that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive
drives in the first few years is crucial for healthy personality development - ANSWER
Psychosexual theory
What are the 3 parts of the personality according to psychosexual theory? - ANSWER Id,
ego, superego
What is the id? - ANSWER the largest portion of the mind, is the source of basic
biological needs and desires
What is the ego? - ANSWER the conscious, rational part of personality, emerges in early
infancy to redirect the id's impulses so that they are discharged in acceptable ways
what is the superego? - ANSWER develops as parents insist that children conform to the
values of society (between ages 3-6)
The ________ reconciles the demands of the id, the external world, and the conscience -
ANSWER ego
What theory was created by Erik Erikson? - ANSWER Psychosocial theory
what theory emphasized that in addition to mediating between id impulses and superego
demands, the ego makes a positive contribution to development, acquiring attitudes and
skills that make the individual an active, contributing member of society? - ANSWER
psychosocial theory
What are erikson's psychosocial stages? - ANSWER 1.trust vs. mistrust (infancy)
2. autonomy vs. shame and doubt (early childhood)
3. initiative vs. guilt (preschool age)
4. industry vs. inferiority (school age)
5. identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)
6. intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood)
7. generatively vs. stagnation (middle age)
8. integrity vs. despair (later life)
What is the belief of behaviorism and social learning theory? - ANSWER directly
observable events- stimuli and responses- are the appropriate focus of study
What is classical conditioning? - ANSWER stimulus and response
100% Correct Answers
a field of study devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan
- ANSWER developmental science
an explanation using an integrated set of statements that describes, explains, and
predicts behaviors - ANSWER Theory
a process of gradually augmenting the same types of skills that were there to begin with
- ANSWER continuous development
a process in which new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at
specific times - ANSWER discontinuous development
qualitative changes in thinking, feeling, and behaving that characterize specific periods
of development - ANSWER stages
open to change in response to influential experiences - ANSWER Plasticity
Theories that accept the ______________ perspective think that development takes place
in stages. - ANSWER discontinuous
Theorists who emphasize stability stress the importance of - ANSWER heredity
Theorists who regard environmental influences as key factors in development believe
that _____________ are most important. - ANSWER early experiences
What are the lifespan perspective's 4 assumptions? - ANSWER development is lifelong,
development is multidimensional and multidirectional, development is plastic,
development is influenced by multiple, interacting factors
According to the lifespan perspective, what forces is development influenced by? -
ANSWER biological, historical, social, and cultural
According to the lifespan perspective, what are the 3 types of influences? - ANSWER 1.
age graded
2. history graded
3. nonnormative
What type of influence has to do with events that are strongly related to age and are
therefore fairly predicatable? - ANSWER age graded influences
,What type of influence explains why people who are born around the same time tend to
be alike in different ways - ANSWER history graded influences
What type of influence includes events that happen to one person or just a few people
and do not follow a particular timetable? - ANSWER nonnormative influences
What are the 8 major periods of human development? - ANSWER 1. prenatal (conception
to birth)
2. infancy and toddlerhood (0-2)
3. Early childhood (2-6)
4. middle childhood (6-11)
5. adolescence (11-18)
6. early adulthood (18-40)
7. middle adulthood (40-65)
8. late adulthood (65-death)
Who created the theory of evolution? - ANSWER Charles Darwin
What 2 principles does the theory of evolution emphasize? - ANSWER natural selection
and survival of the fittest
who is regarded as the founder of the child study movement? - ANSWER G. Stanley Hall
What is the name of a genetically determined set of events that unfold automatically and
who devised it? - ANSWER maturational process; Hall and Gesell
Who launched the normative approach? - ANSWER Hall and Gesell
measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related
averages are computed to represent typical development - ANSWER the normative
approach
who invented the first successful intelligence test - ANSWER alfred binet and theodore
simon
in 1916, stanford adapted Binet's test and it became known as - ANSWER the
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale
people move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between
biological desires and societal expectations. How these conflicts are resolved
determines the person's ability to learn, get along with others, and cope with anxiety...
what perspective is this? - ANSWER The Psychoanalytic Perspective
who are are the two influential people who contributed to the psychoanalytic
, perspective - ANSWER Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson
What theory was created by Sigmund Freud? - ANSWER Psychosexual theory
What theory emphasizes that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive
drives in the first few years is crucial for healthy personality development - ANSWER
Psychosexual theory
What are the 3 parts of the personality according to psychosexual theory? - ANSWER Id,
ego, superego
What is the id? - ANSWER the largest portion of the mind, is the source of basic
biological needs and desires
What is the ego? - ANSWER the conscious, rational part of personality, emerges in early
infancy to redirect the id's impulses so that they are discharged in acceptable ways
what is the superego? - ANSWER develops as parents insist that children conform to the
values of society (between ages 3-6)
The ________ reconciles the demands of the id, the external world, and the conscience -
ANSWER ego
What theory was created by Erik Erikson? - ANSWER Psychosocial theory
what theory emphasized that in addition to mediating between id impulses and superego
demands, the ego makes a positive contribution to development, acquiring attitudes and
skills that make the individual an active, contributing member of society? - ANSWER
psychosocial theory
What are erikson's psychosocial stages? - ANSWER 1.trust vs. mistrust (infancy)
2. autonomy vs. shame and doubt (early childhood)
3. initiative vs. guilt (preschool age)
4. industry vs. inferiority (school age)
5. identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)
6. intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood)
7. generatively vs. stagnation (middle age)
8. integrity vs. despair (later life)
What is the belief of behaviorism and social learning theory? - ANSWER directly
observable events- stimuli and responses- are the appropriate focus of study
What is classical conditioning? - ANSWER stimulus and response
