UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION

"Negative triad - Correct answer The self- feeling inadequate The world- feeling defeated The future- believing that things won’t change" "Ellis's ABC model - Correct answer A- activating event: events that make you sad B- beliefs: your interpretation of events C- consequences: rational beliefs come to healthy outcomes" "Strength of Ellis's ABC model - Correct answer Application to therapy" "Weakness of Ellis's ABC model - Correct answer Alternative explanations that suggest its genetic Drug therapies seen to be effective" "Depression effects on society - Correct answer More days missed work NHS used £1.7 bill in 2007" "Depression effects on individual - Correct answer 25 years shorter lives releases more adrenaline" "How it works - Correct answer Changes levels of neurotransmitters in the brain" "types of antidepressants - Correct answer Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA's) Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI's )" "Strength of antidepressants - Correct answer Instant benefits Short term and long term solution" "Weakness of antidepressants - Correct answer Can build an immunity to drug Taking larger doses can increase side effects" "Drug therapy for addiction - Correct answer Helps manage withdrawal symptoms Decrease chance of relapse" "Strength of Drug therapy for addiction - Correct answer Helps access other treatments Research support: those on Naltrexone (75%), those on placebo (24%)" "Weakness of Drug therapy for addiction - Correct answer May not work well with mental health patients: may only be a short term solution Addicts may become addicted to the treatment" "CASPI - Correct answer Influence of life stress on depression" "Aim of CASPI - Correct answer Seeing why stressful experiences lead to depression in some people but not others" "Procedure of CASPI - Correct answer Longitudinal 847 participants Group 1 (17%) two copies of short 5-HTT Group 2 (51%) one copy of short 5-HTT Group 3 (31%) two copies of long 5-HTT" "Measure 1 of CASPI - Correct answer Stressful life events e.g. change in employment etc" "Measure 2 of CASPI - Correct answer Depression e.g. questionnaire about their depression" "Results of CASPI - Correct answer At least one SHORT gene more likely to have depression Two short versions of gene were most depressed" "Conclusion of CASPI - Correct answer 5-HTT gene interacts with life events to predict depression nature and nurture work together" "Strength of CASPI - Correct answer Large sample size- generalisability Useful application for doctors- better explanation" "Weakness of CASPI - Correct answer Questionnaires may not be accurate- validity Deterministic- some are predisposed to depression" "YOUNG - Correct answer Cognitive behavioural therapy" "Aims of Young - Correct answer How effective CBT is" "Procedure of Young - Correct answer 114 participants Online CBT over a number of weeks Functional analysis: when symptoms start Skills training: how to stop them using Questionnaire given afterwards asking how much they've improved" "Results of Young - Correct answer Some gender difference Most of the problem was time taken up Some improvement and maintained for the next 6 months" "Conclusion of Young - Correct answer Effective for internet addiction" "Strength of Young - Correct answer Encourages people to access treatment as it's easier from computer Quantitative data- more accurate" "Weakness of Young - Correct answer Finding from questionnaire may not be accurate as they can lie Unclear whether CBT helped with all internet addiction- hard to generalise"