Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
1. Mr. Roberts has a prekindergarten class of students who have just turned four. He wants to make sure his
students have ample opportunity for writing practice to prepare for next year, but he also wants to ensure his
strategies are developmentally appropriate. Which of the following strategies should he choose?
A. giving students a letter-writing practice workbook and insisting that ten pages must be completed each
day
B. conducting guided read-alouds where he asks students probing questions about stories he reads to them
C. encouraging students to use writing in their daily center time, such as using a notepad to take an order when
pretending to be a waiter during dramatic play
D. insisting that students spend more time at the art center than any other center during free-choice center
time: C. encouraging students to use writing in their daily center time, such as using a notepad to take an order when
pretending to be a waiter during dramatic play
2. Which of the following words has the onset italicized?
A. pl-ATE
B. BR-oom
C. in-TER-est
D. fair-Y: C. BR-oom
3. A prekindergarten teacher is planning a unit of instruction on letter sounds. Which of the following describes
the order in which the letter sounds should be introduced to students?
A. introduce the most challenging sounds first
B. introduce the sounds that make up the child's name first
C. introduce the sounds that have the greatest frequency first
D. introduce one sound per month until they are all mastered: C. introduce the sounds that have the greatest
frequency first
4. Mr. Scott writes the following words on the board: blimp, roar, and grin. He asks his class to make a new
word out of each word by removing a part of the existing word. Which of the following concepts is the teacher
trying to develop in his students?
A. the alphabetic principle
B. phoneme deletion
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
C. phoneme substitution
D. phoneme segmentation: B. phoneme deletion
5. Which of the following is a non-decodable word?
A. bread
B. fly
C. what
D. plan: C. what
6. A second-grade teacher notices that one of her students has lost interest in reading or speaking in her home
language. To encourage her, she asks for the student's "help" to read a short blurb in a newspaper in the
student's home language. Why is the teacher most likely doing this?
A. She wants to assess the student's oral fluency in her home language.
B. She wants to encourage the student to read more informational texts.
C. She wants to encourage the student to maintain her biliteracy.
D. She wants the student to practice prosody and rate in her home language.-
C. She wants to encourage the student to maintain her biliteracy.
7. Which of the following concepts should be taught alongside phonics to ensure that students will be able to
read quickly and fluently?
A. print awareness
B. sight word recognition
C. stroke order
D. spelling: B. sight word recognition
8. Jenine is a second-grade student targeted for extra reading practice. One day, the teacher listens to her read
a paragraph out loud and notices that Jenine is reading very slowly. Which of the following parts of fluency
does Jenine need help with?
A. rate
B. prosody
C. accuracy
D. phonemes: A. rate
9. Mrs. Perez is teaching her first-grade class about meter in poetry. Which of the following activities would
be most appropriate to help her students understand this concept?
A. independently label each line of the poem with an A, B, C, or so on to indicate
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
the rhyming pattern
B. read in a different voice for each character in the poem
C. copy each line of the poem multiple times until they pick up its meter
D. clap to the beat of a poem that she reads aloud: D. clap to the beat of a poem that she reads aloud
10.Mr. Harrison wants his third-grade class to practice writing a problem-so- lution piece in the second person.
Which of the following assignments would best meet his goal?
A. a drama that groups of students write collaboratively
B. a letter that each student writes to the principal proposing a solution to a school-wide problem
C. a letter that each student writes to his or her parents thanking them for being good parents
D. an essay that explains and solves an environmental problem: B. a letter that each student writes to the principal
proposing a solution to a school-wide problem
11.Mark, a third grader, is having difficulty identifying the main idea of texts he reads. Mrs. Martinez wants to
give him extra practice with this skill when he completes his weekly oral reading assessment. Which of the
following is the best way for Mrs. Martinez to incorporate the identification of the main idea into Mark's weekly
oral fluency assessment?
A. stopping him after he reads each paragraph and asking, "What was that paragraph about?"
B. assigning him longer passages to read so that he can practice with more advanced texts
C. having Mark read only nonfiction texts since the main idea is easier to identify
D. giving Mark passages with varying themes so that he has more exposure to different genres: A. stopping him
after he reads each paragraph and asking, "What was that paragraph about?"
12.Which of the following activities would be appropriate when introducing the idea of a summary to a first-
grade class?
A. having students write a summary for each paragraph in their social studies textbook
B. asking the class to brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall
C. identifying the point of view of each story they have read and keeping this
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
information in a journal or notebook
D. asking the students several questions orally about each character's moti- vation: B. asking the class to
brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall
13.Howard is a first-grade student in Mrs. Hong's class. Howard is signifi- cantly behind many of the other
students in his literacy skills, and he never wants to take a book from the library when the class visits. As a result
he has trouble completing his weekly reading log. During a conference with Howard's parents, Mrs. Hong learns
that he enjoys graphic novels or what they call "comic books." Which of the following might Mrs. Hong suggest
to Howard and his parents?
A. that they throw out these graphic novels as they have no educational value
B. that they stop encouraging Howard to read these graphic novels and start encouraging him to read only
grade-level books without pictures
C. that he write his own dialogue for these graphic novels
D. that he use these graphic novels to complete some of his reading log, balancing it with other more word-rich
texts: D. that he use these graphic novels to complete some of his reading log, balancing it with other more word-rich
texts
14.Which of the following is the first oral presentation many students give during their school career?
A. the first oral report a teacher assigns
B. the first time a teacher asks a new student to get up and introduce herself
C. their first experience with show and tell
D. a monologue they read: C. their first experience with show and tell
15.A second-grade class has just finished reading a short story. The teacher wants his students to compare the
short story to a different interpretation of the same story. Which of the following activities would best meet his
goal?
A. reading the story again but in a different accent
B. taking students to see a stage play based on the story
C. having students read critical interpretations of the story
D. having students compare the story to a passage in their science textbook-
B. taking students to see a stage play based on the story
16.Which of the following describes quantitative text measurements?
A. the frequency with which certain words are used
B. the overall structure of the text and how it is organized
1. Mr. Roberts has a prekindergarten class of students who have just turned four. He wants to make sure his
students have ample opportunity for writing practice to prepare for next year, but he also wants to ensure his
strategies are developmentally appropriate. Which of the following strategies should he choose?
A. giving students a letter-writing practice workbook and insisting that ten pages must be completed each
day
B. conducting guided read-alouds where he asks students probing questions about stories he reads to them
C. encouraging students to use writing in their daily center time, such as using a notepad to take an order when
pretending to be a waiter during dramatic play
D. insisting that students spend more time at the art center than any other center during free-choice center
time: C. encouraging students to use writing in their daily center time, such as using a notepad to take an order when
pretending to be a waiter during dramatic play
2. Which of the following words has the onset italicized?
A. pl-ATE
B. BR-oom
C. in-TER-est
D. fair-Y: C. BR-oom
3. A prekindergarten teacher is planning a unit of instruction on letter sounds. Which of the following describes
the order in which the letter sounds should be introduced to students?
A. introduce the most challenging sounds first
B. introduce the sounds that make up the child's name first
C. introduce the sounds that have the greatest frequency first
D. introduce one sound per month until they are all mastered: C. introduce the sounds that have the greatest
frequency first
4. Mr. Scott writes the following words on the board: blimp, roar, and grin. He asks his class to make a new
word out of each word by removing a part of the existing word. Which of the following concepts is the teacher
trying to develop in his students?
A. the alphabetic principle
B. phoneme deletion
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
C. phoneme substitution
D. phoneme segmentation: B. phoneme deletion
5. Which of the following is a non-decodable word?
A. bread
B. fly
C. what
D. plan: C. what
6. A second-grade teacher notices that one of her students has lost interest in reading or speaking in her home
language. To encourage her, she asks for the student's "help" to read a short blurb in a newspaper in the
student's home language. Why is the teacher most likely doing this?
A. She wants to assess the student's oral fluency in her home language.
B. She wants to encourage the student to read more informational texts.
C. She wants to encourage the student to maintain her biliteracy.
D. She wants the student to practice prosody and rate in her home language.-
C. She wants to encourage the student to maintain her biliteracy.
7. Which of the following concepts should be taught alongside phonics to ensure that students will be able to
read quickly and fluently?
A. print awareness
B. sight word recognition
C. stroke order
D. spelling: B. sight word recognition
8. Jenine is a second-grade student targeted for extra reading practice. One day, the teacher listens to her read
a paragraph out loud and notices that Jenine is reading very slowly. Which of the following parts of fluency
does Jenine need help with?
A. rate
B. prosody
C. accuracy
D. phonemes: A. rate
9. Mrs. Perez is teaching her first-grade class about meter in poetry. Which of the following activities would
be most appropriate to help her students understand this concept?
A. independently label each line of the poem with an A, B, C, or so on to indicate
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
the rhyming pattern
B. read in a different voice for each character in the poem
C. copy each line of the poem multiple times until they pick up its meter
D. clap to the beat of a poem that she reads aloud: D. clap to the beat of a poem that she reads aloud
10.Mr. Harrison wants his third-grade class to practice writing a problem-so- lution piece in the second person.
Which of the following assignments would best meet his goal?
A. a drama that groups of students write collaboratively
B. a letter that each student writes to the principal proposing a solution to a school-wide problem
C. a letter that each student writes to his or her parents thanking them for being good parents
D. an essay that explains and solves an environmental problem: B. a letter that each student writes to the principal
proposing a solution to a school-wide problem
11.Mark, a third grader, is having difficulty identifying the main idea of texts he reads. Mrs. Martinez wants to
give him extra practice with this skill when he completes his weekly oral reading assessment. Which of the
following is the best way for Mrs. Martinez to incorporate the identification of the main idea into Mark's weekly
oral fluency assessment?
A. stopping him after he reads each paragraph and asking, "What was that paragraph about?"
B. assigning him longer passages to read so that he can practice with more advanced texts
C. having Mark read only nonfiction texts since the main idea is easier to identify
D. giving Mark passages with varying themes so that he has more exposure to different genres: A. stopping him
after he reads each paragraph and asking, "What was that paragraph about?"
12.Which of the following activities would be appropriate when introducing the idea of a summary to a first-
grade class?
A. having students write a summary for each paragraph in their social studies textbook
B. asking the class to brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall
C. identifying the point of view of each story they have read and keeping this
, Praxis 5025: Early Childhood Education
information in a journal or notebook
D. asking the students several questions orally about each character's moti- vation: B. asking the class to
brainstorm several phrases and ideas that describe the story overall
13.Howard is a first-grade student in Mrs. Hong's class. Howard is signifi- cantly behind many of the other
students in his literacy skills, and he never wants to take a book from the library when the class visits. As a result
he has trouble completing his weekly reading log. During a conference with Howard's parents, Mrs. Hong learns
that he enjoys graphic novels or what they call "comic books." Which of the following might Mrs. Hong suggest
to Howard and his parents?
A. that they throw out these graphic novels as they have no educational value
B. that they stop encouraging Howard to read these graphic novels and start encouraging him to read only
grade-level books without pictures
C. that he write his own dialogue for these graphic novels
D. that he use these graphic novels to complete some of his reading log, balancing it with other more word-rich
texts: D. that he use these graphic novels to complete some of his reading log, balancing it with other more word-rich
texts
14.Which of the following is the first oral presentation many students give during their school career?
A. the first oral report a teacher assigns
B. the first time a teacher asks a new student to get up and introduce herself
C. their first experience with show and tell
D. a monologue they read: C. their first experience with show and tell
15.A second-grade class has just finished reading a short story. The teacher wants his students to compare the
short story to a different interpretation of the same story. Which of the following activities would best meet his
goal?
A. reading the story again but in a different accent
B. taking students to see a stage play based on the story
C. having students read critical interpretations of the story
D. having students compare the story to a passage in their science textbook-
B. taking students to see a stage play based on the story
16.Which of the following describes quantitative text measurements?
A. the frequency with which certain words are used
B. the overall structure of the text and how it is organized
