ASWB Clinical Exam Questions With All Correct Answers
social work theories correct answer -general explanations that are
supported by evidence
obtained through the scientific method; may explain human
behavior by describing how humans interact with, or react to, certain
stimuli
psychodynamic theories correct answer -theories that explain the
origin of the personality
-focus on the dynamic relations between the conscious and
unconscious mind and explore how these psychological forces might
relate to early childhood experiences
psychoanalytic theory correct answer -theory originally developed
by Sigmund Freud; posits that a client is seen as the product of his past
and treatment involves dealing with the repressed material in the
unconscious
-therapy focuses on increasing self-understanding and depending
insight into emotional issues and conflicts which underlie the
presenting difficulties
cpreconscious, conscious, unconscious correct answer -Freud's 3
different levels of awareness
preconscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains
contains all the information that is outside of a client's attention, but
readily available if needed
conscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains all
the information that a client is paying attention to at any given time
,unconscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains
thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories of which clients have no
awareness, but that influence every aspect of theirday-to-day lives
id correct answer -a reservoir of instinctual energy that contains
biological urges
such as impulses toward survival, sex, and aggression; is
unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle
pleasure principle correct answer -the
drive to achieve pleasure and avoid pain
ego correct answer -the component that manages the conflict
between the id and the constraints of the real world; some parts are
unconscious,
whereas others are preconscious or conscious; operates
according to the reality principle. role is to prevent the id from
gratifying its impulses in socially inappropriate ways
reality principle correct answer -the awareness that gratification of
impulses has to be delayed in order to accommodate the demands of
the real world
ego syntonic correct answer -behaviors "insync" with the ego (no
guilt)
ego dystonic correct answer -behavior "dis-n-sync" with the ego
(guilt)
ego strength correct answer -the ability of the ego to effectively
deal with the demands of the id, the superego, and reality; those with
little of this may feel torn between these competing demands, whereas
,those with too much of this can become too unyielding and rigid; helps
maintain emotional stability and cope with internal and external stress
-those with high of this approach problems with a sense that they can
overcome problems and even grow as a result
-those with low of this view challenges as something to avoid, reality
seems overwhelming and they may try to avoid it through wishful
thinking, fantasies and/or substance use
superego correct answer -the moral component of personality
which contains all the moral standards learned from parents and
society; forces the ego to conform not only to reality, but also to its
ideals of morality; hence, it causes clients to feel guilty when they go
against society's rules
oral stage correct answer -psychosexual development birth to
roughly 12 months
sources of pleasure: Activities involving
the mouth, such as sucking, biting, and chewing
result of fixation: Excessive smoking, overeating, or dependence
on others
anal stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 2, when
the child is being toilet trained
sources of pleasure: Bowel movements
result of fixation: An overly controlling (analretentive) personality or an
easily angered (analexpulsive) personality
phallic stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 3-5
sources of pleasure: genitals
result of fixation: Guilt or anxiety about sex
latency stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 5 to
puberty
, sources of pleasure: Sexuality is dormant during this period
result of fixation: no fixations at this stage
genital stage correct answer -psychosexual development which
begins at puberty
sources of pleasure: The genitals; sexual urges return
result of fixation: no fixations at this stage
oedipus complex correct answer -refers to a male child's sexual
desire for his mother and hostility toward his father, whom he
considers to be a rival for his mother's love
-develops during the phallic stage
castration anxiety correct answer -a fear in the oedipus complex,
Freud thought that a male child who sees a naked girl for the first time
believes that her penis has been cut off; the child fears that his own
father will do the same to him for desiring his mother; because of this
fear, the child represses his longing for his mother and begins to
identify with his father.
individual psychology correct answer -Alfred Adler's school of
thought, in which main motivations
for human behavior are not sexual or aggressive urges, but striving for
perfection
compensation correct answer -the attempt to shed normal feelings
of inferiority
inferiority correct answer -those who suffer from this will
overcompensate, which means that rather than try to master
challenges, they try to cover up their sense of this by focusing on
outward signs of superiority such as status, wealth, and power
social work theories correct answer -general explanations that are
supported by evidence
obtained through the scientific method; may explain human
behavior by describing how humans interact with, or react to, certain
stimuli
psychodynamic theories correct answer -theories that explain the
origin of the personality
-focus on the dynamic relations between the conscious and
unconscious mind and explore how these psychological forces might
relate to early childhood experiences
psychoanalytic theory correct answer -theory originally developed
by Sigmund Freud; posits that a client is seen as the product of his past
and treatment involves dealing with the repressed material in the
unconscious
-therapy focuses on increasing self-understanding and depending
insight into emotional issues and conflicts which underlie the
presenting difficulties
cpreconscious, conscious, unconscious correct answer -Freud's 3
different levels of awareness
preconscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains
contains all the information that is outside of a client's attention, but
readily available if needed
conscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains all
the information that a client is paying attention to at any given time
,unconscious correct answer -the level of awareness that contains
thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories of which clients have no
awareness, but that influence every aspect of theirday-to-day lives
id correct answer -a reservoir of instinctual energy that contains
biological urges
such as impulses toward survival, sex, and aggression; is
unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle
pleasure principle correct answer -the
drive to achieve pleasure and avoid pain
ego correct answer -the component that manages the conflict
between the id and the constraints of the real world; some parts are
unconscious,
whereas others are preconscious or conscious; operates
according to the reality principle. role is to prevent the id from
gratifying its impulses in socially inappropriate ways
reality principle correct answer -the awareness that gratification of
impulses has to be delayed in order to accommodate the demands of
the real world
ego syntonic correct answer -behaviors "insync" with the ego (no
guilt)
ego dystonic correct answer -behavior "dis-n-sync" with the ego
(guilt)
ego strength correct answer -the ability of the ego to effectively
deal with the demands of the id, the superego, and reality; those with
little of this may feel torn between these competing demands, whereas
,those with too much of this can become too unyielding and rigid; helps
maintain emotional stability and cope with internal and external stress
-those with high of this approach problems with a sense that they can
overcome problems and even grow as a result
-those with low of this view challenges as something to avoid, reality
seems overwhelming and they may try to avoid it through wishful
thinking, fantasies and/or substance use
superego correct answer -the moral component of personality
which contains all the moral standards learned from parents and
society; forces the ego to conform not only to reality, but also to its
ideals of morality; hence, it causes clients to feel guilty when they go
against society's rules
oral stage correct answer -psychosexual development birth to
roughly 12 months
sources of pleasure: Activities involving
the mouth, such as sucking, biting, and chewing
result of fixation: Excessive smoking, overeating, or dependence
on others
anal stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 2, when
the child is being toilet trained
sources of pleasure: Bowel movements
result of fixation: An overly controlling (analretentive) personality or an
easily angered (analexpulsive) personality
phallic stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 3-5
sources of pleasure: genitals
result of fixation: Guilt or anxiety about sex
latency stage correct answer -psychosexual development age 5 to
puberty
, sources of pleasure: Sexuality is dormant during this period
result of fixation: no fixations at this stage
genital stage correct answer -psychosexual development which
begins at puberty
sources of pleasure: The genitals; sexual urges return
result of fixation: no fixations at this stage
oedipus complex correct answer -refers to a male child's sexual
desire for his mother and hostility toward his father, whom he
considers to be a rival for his mother's love
-develops during the phallic stage
castration anxiety correct answer -a fear in the oedipus complex,
Freud thought that a male child who sees a naked girl for the first time
believes that her penis has been cut off; the child fears that his own
father will do the same to him for desiring his mother; because of this
fear, the child represses his longing for his mother and begins to
identify with his father.
individual psychology correct answer -Alfred Adler's school of
thought, in which main motivations
for human behavior are not sexual or aggressive urges, but striving for
perfection
compensation correct answer -the attempt to shed normal feelings
of inferiority
inferiority correct answer -those who suffer from this will
overcompensate, which means that rather than try to master
challenges, they try to cover up their sense of this by focusing on
outward signs of superiority such as status, wealth, and power
