Critical Care - Final exam Questions With All Correct
Answers
Albuterol (Proventil), Salmeterol (Serevent) correct answer -List the
bronchodilators used to help with COPD
PaCO2 levels above 45 correct answer -What is hypercapnia?
Albuterol (Proventil), and Salmeterol (Serevent) correct answer -Name two
(fast acting) beta agonists used for COPD
No, they stimulate the SNS and cause the bronchial smooth muscle to relax.
correct answer -Do beta agonists have any effect on inflammation?
Ipratropium (Atrovent), Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva) (SLOW ACTING) correct
answer -Name some anticholinergic (slow acting) medications used for COPD
Dry out secretions, relieve bronchospasms correct answer -What do the
anticholinergic medications do for pts with COPD?
Beta-Agonists, anticholinergics, and corticosteroids correct answer -Name the
medication classes overall used for COPD
Flovent (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (budesonide), Advair (fluticasone/salmeterol)
( Daily Meds!!) correct answer -Name the inhaled corticosteroids used for
COPD
No! For maintenance! correct answer -Can inhaled corticosteroids be used for
an acute COPD exacerbation/attack?
Beta Agonists (Short acting) - Albuterol (proventil), Salmeterol (serevent)
correct answer -Which COPD Inhaled medications are used in emergent
situations ONLY?
,Metered dosage inhalant/ Dry powder inhaler - Less side effects correct answer
-What is the preferred route of administration for Corticosteroids for COPD?
Why?
Anticholinergics - Atrovent, Spiriva correct answer -Which COPD inhaled
medications are used for preventative reasons and acute flares?
Corticosteroids (flovent, pulmicort, advair) correct answer -Which medication
for asthma would you take on a regular day to day basis? 1. Beta Agonists
(Albuterol, Salmeterol) or 2. Corticosteroids (Flovent, Pulmicort, Advair)
Prednisone, Solu-Medrol correct answer -What are some Oral and IV meds
used for acute flares of COPD?
Cushings -moonface/bighead, humpback, increased BS, Increased BP, Cardiac
issues, thin skin, poor healing, Upset stomach, muscle wasting, fungal infections,
poor sleep, eye problems, acne, osteoporosis, compromised immune system,
adrenal insufficiency correct answer -What are some side effects to oral/IV
corticosteroids?
Methylxanthines - Theophylline, aminophylline correct answer -This oral
COPD medication acts to directly relax the bronchi/pulmonary vessels, and is a
CNS stimulant
Mucolytics - Guaifenesin correct answer -These oral medications for COPD
decrease sputum production, add viscosity, to make secretions more easily
cleared from the lungs.
Stage 1 - Short Acting Bronchodilators prn (albuterol, salmeterol)
immunizations(flu, pneumonia) Stage 2 - Continue Short acting bronchodilaters
prn, add Long Acting Bronchodilators (Anticholinergics - Atrovent, Spiriva) and
pulmonary rehab. Stage 3 - All of the above, plus add an inhaled steroid (Flovent,
Pulmicort, Advair). Stage 4 - All of the above plus add long term O2 supplement if
the baseline saO2 is less than 88%. Consider NIPPV (Nasal intermittent positive
pressure ventilator- CPAP/BIPAP) correct answer -What are the stages and
medications for each stage of COPD
, Because the early symptoms mimic COPD or something less serious, such as a
cold or mild lung irritation so it goes overlooked until it is too late. correct
answer -Why is Lung Cancer so hard to detect and diagnose before it becomes
fatal?
ANSWER D
Rationale: rinsing the mouth after using this inhaler reduces systemic drug
absorption and reduces the risk for thrush associated with some anti-
inflammatory drugs. Bronchodilators are used to treat acute attacks and *before*
using anti inflammatory meds by MDI. correct answer -When teaching use of
a metered dose inhaler the nurse instructs the client to:
a. take quick shallow breaths in rapid succession while holding the canister down
b. use the inhaler contaning the antiinflammatory drug first then the
bronchodilator
c. use the antiinflammatory drug as needed to treat acute episodes of wheezing
d. rinse the mouth after using the inhaler to reduce systemic absorption of the
drug
Steroids correct answer -How are benign polyps of laryngeal cancer treated?
pH <7.30, PaO2 < 60%, PaCO2 > 50% correct answer -Gas exchange levels of a
person considered to be in Acute Respiratory Failure
Solumedrol correct answer -What is the name of the steroid used for Acute
respiratory failure?
Diprivan (propofol), precidex correct answer -What medications are used to
sedate/anesthetize a pt with acute respiratory failure?
Ativan, versed correct answer -What benzos are used for the pt with acute
respiratory failure?
Fentanyl correct answer -What analgesic is most often used for the pt with
acute respiratory failure?
*N*orcuron, *E*tomidate, *N*imbex, correct answer -What are the
neuromuscular blockades used to "control" the pt with acute respiratory failure?
Answers
Albuterol (Proventil), Salmeterol (Serevent) correct answer -List the
bronchodilators used to help with COPD
PaCO2 levels above 45 correct answer -What is hypercapnia?
Albuterol (Proventil), and Salmeterol (Serevent) correct answer -Name two
(fast acting) beta agonists used for COPD
No, they stimulate the SNS and cause the bronchial smooth muscle to relax.
correct answer -Do beta agonists have any effect on inflammation?
Ipratropium (Atrovent), Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva) (SLOW ACTING) correct
answer -Name some anticholinergic (slow acting) medications used for COPD
Dry out secretions, relieve bronchospasms correct answer -What do the
anticholinergic medications do for pts with COPD?
Beta-Agonists, anticholinergics, and corticosteroids correct answer -Name the
medication classes overall used for COPD
Flovent (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (budesonide), Advair (fluticasone/salmeterol)
( Daily Meds!!) correct answer -Name the inhaled corticosteroids used for
COPD
No! For maintenance! correct answer -Can inhaled corticosteroids be used for
an acute COPD exacerbation/attack?
Beta Agonists (Short acting) - Albuterol (proventil), Salmeterol (serevent)
correct answer -Which COPD Inhaled medications are used in emergent
situations ONLY?
,Metered dosage inhalant/ Dry powder inhaler - Less side effects correct answer
-What is the preferred route of administration for Corticosteroids for COPD?
Why?
Anticholinergics - Atrovent, Spiriva correct answer -Which COPD inhaled
medications are used for preventative reasons and acute flares?
Corticosteroids (flovent, pulmicort, advair) correct answer -Which medication
for asthma would you take on a regular day to day basis? 1. Beta Agonists
(Albuterol, Salmeterol) or 2. Corticosteroids (Flovent, Pulmicort, Advair)
Prednisone, Solu-Medrol correct answer -What are some Oral and IV meds
used for acute flares of COPD?
Cushings -moonface/bighead, humpback, increased BS, Increased BP, Cardiac
issues, thin skin, poor healing, Upset stomach, muscle wasting, fungal infections,
poor sleep, eye problems, acne, osteoporosis, compromised immune system,
adrenal insufficiency correct answer -What are some side effects to oral/IV
corticosteroids?
Methylxanthines - Theophylline, aminophylline correct answer -This oral
COPD medication acts to directly relax the bronchi/pulmonary vessels, and is a
CNS stimulant
Mucolytics - Guaifenesin correct answer -These oral medications for COPD
decrease sputum production, add viscosity, to make secretions more easily
cleared from the lungs.
Stage 1 - Short Acting Bronchodilators prn (albuterol, salmeterol)
immunizations(flu, pneumonia) Stage 2 - Continue Short acting bronchodilaters
prn, add Long Acting Bronchodilators (Anticholinergics - Atrovent, Spiriva) and
pulmonary rehab. Stage 3 - All of the above, plus add an inhaled steroid (Flovent,
Pulmicort, Advair). Stage 4 - All of the above plus add long term O2 supplement if
the baseline saO2 is less than 88%. Consider NIPPV (Nasal intermittent positive
pressure ventilator- CPAP/BIPAP) correct answer -What are the stages and
medications for each stage of COPD
, Because the early symptoms mimic COPD or something less serious, such as a
cold or mild lung irritation so it goes overlooked until it is too late. correct
answer -Why is Lung Cancer so hard to detect and diagnose before it becomes
fatal?
ANSWER D
Rationale: rinsing the mouth after using this inhaler reduces systemic drug
absorption and reduces the risk for thrush associated with some anti-
inflammatory drugs. Bronchodilators are used to treat acute attacks and *before*
using anti inflammatory meds by MDI. correct answer -When teaching use of
a metered dose inhaler the nurse instructs the client to:
a. take quick shallow breaths in rapid succession while holding the canister down
b. use the inhaler contaning the antiinflammatory drug first then the
bronchodilator
c. use the antiinflammatory drug as needed to treat acute episodes of wheezing
d. rinse the mouth after using the inhaler to reduce systemic absorption of the
drug
Steroids correct answer -How are benign polyps of laryngeal cancer treated?
pH <7.30, PaO2 < 60%, PaCO2 > 50% correct answer -Gas exchange levels of a
person considered to be in Acute Respiratory Failure
Solumedrol correct answer -What is the name of the steroid used for Acute
respiratory failure?
Diprivan (propofol), precidex correct answer -What medications are used to
sedate/anesthetize a pt with acute respiratory failure?
Ativan, versed correct answer -What benzos are used for the pt with acute
respiratory failure?
Fentanyl correct answer -What analgesic is most often used for the pt with
acute respiratory failure?
*N*orcuron, *E*tomidate, *N*imbex, correct answer -What are the
neuromuscular blockades used to "control" the pt with acute respiratory failure?
