Sara Michelle's Crash Course
Aphthous Stomatitis - *answers *inside of the mouth
red base with white ulcer
topical relief
Herpes - *answers *outside of the mouth
painful clustered vesicles on an erythema base
antiviral- valtrex/acylovir within in 48 to 72 hours
Keratosis Pilaris - *answers *Chicken bumps
seen in children
most of the time will outgrow
rough patches small acne- like bumps from too much keratin blocking hair follicles
TXT: emollients & moisturizers
Impetigo - *answers *Honey crusted lesions
Strep Anginosus & Staph Aureus
Bolus= oral antibiotics
NonBolus= mupirocin/Bactroban ointment
Pityriasis Rosea - *answers *Distributed in Christmas tree pattern
starts with a herald patch
self-limiting
Brown recluse spider bite - *answers *bite becomes under and turns deep purple in
color with a white halo around it
may have systemic symptoms
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - *answers *Tic Bite
TXT: Doxycycline- even if pregnant
rash 3-5 days after symptoms on palms of hands and soles of feet
North Carolina
Lyme Disease - *answers *Bulls-eye lesion (Erythema Migraines)
TXT: Doxycline
Amoxicillin if allergic
Sialolithiasis - *answers *mass under the chin while eating
salivary gland stone
Actinic keratosis - *answers *dry pink lesions on sun exposed areas
if left untreated may lead to CANCER- squamous cell carcinoma
TXT: 5-FU or cryotherapy
Squamous Cell Carcinoma - *answers *Slow-growing, scale, ulcerated & bleeds easily
DX: BIOPSY
REFER to dermatology
,Sara Michelle's Crash Course
Cafe au Lait Spotsq - *answers *Benign & do not require interventions unless you have
more that 8= neurofibromatosis
Malignant Melanoma - *answers *Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color
Diameter > 6mm
Evolving or Elevated above the skin
could also present as a dark spot under the nail that is not related to trauma
Splinter hemorrhage - *answers *black lines under the nail not related to melanoma but
caused by endocarditis
Seborrheic Keratosis - *answers *Pasted on skin lesions
BENIGN- does not need to be removed
Basal Cell Carcinoma - *answers *Most comnmon skin cancer
Telangiectasias= visible blood vessels across the lesion
Shiny, waxy, or pearly in nature
BIOPSY & REFER to DERM
Eczema - *answers *Extremely PRURITIC
commonly found on flexor surfaces
TXT: emollients & Topical steroids
Atopic dermatitis, Asthma & Allergies
Plaque Psoriasis - *answers *Thick Silvery Scales
Auspitz Sign- when the plaques are scratched pinpoint bleeding occurs
Koebner's phenomenon- Trauma to skin leads to plaque forming
TXT: topical steroids & Cole Tar & Refer to Dermatology
Contact Dermatitis - *answers *Linear distribution
TXT: topical steroids & avoid irritant
Shingles - *answers *Across the dermatome
Vascular & burning & tingling at the site prior to rash
TXT: Acyclovir (CHEAPER)/Valcyclovir
Anywhere close to the eyes- refer to ophthalmology b/c risk for permanent corneal
scaring & blindness
Shingrex- can be given no matter when the last outbreak was b/c inactivated also give
at 50 years old
Zosyvax- old vaccine & off the market
Stage 1 pressure injury - *answers *red does not blanch
no breaks in the skin
,Sara Michelle's Crash Course
TXT: foam dressings
Unstageable pressure injury - *answers *can not see the depth of the wound bed
because of the presents of a sloth
Eschar on the heel - *answers *typically seen with diabetics
if it is stable with no signs of infections it should not be removed or soaked by the
patient
Scabies - *answers *between fingers & ties intently pruritic & everyone in the house
has same symptoms
TXT: permethrin cream & wash everything in hot water usually have to treat twice to get
rid of it effectively
Chicken Pox - *answers *Lesions in various stages of healing
Varicella Vaccine- LIVE must be 12 months of age
Can return to school when all of the lesions are crusted over
Head Lice - *answers *Pruitis all throughout the day and night
TXT: permethrin- only kills live lice therefore the nits (eggs) must be combed out. may
need 2 treatments. wash bedding & other items in hot water
Molluscum Contagiosum - *answers *If located in the groin area- possible sexual abuse
Impregnated or dimple lesion
highly contagious
TXT: self-limiting takes a few months
Anthrax - *answers *Cattle Farmer
ulcerated & black lesion that is painless
TXT: CIPRO for at least 2 months. also treated with tetracycline- doxycycline
Hidradenitis Suppurativia - *answers *Recurrent issue- not due to hygiene more linked
to genetics
risk factors- smoking & obesity
abscess in the axilla
TXT: I&D & wound culture
Mild= warm compresses and ABX- long term
Folliculitis - *answers *infection of the hair follicles
TXT: topical mupirocin
Severe- oral ABX penicillin or Keflex
Rosacea - *answers *Erythematous facial rash that does NOT spare the nose
TXT: topical flatly gel
, Sara Michelle's Crash Course
Lupus - *answers *Erythematous facial rash that DOES spare the nasolabial folds
(MALOR RASH)
Sjogren's Syndrome - *answers *Very dry eyes & mouth
commonly seen in Lupus
Erysipelas - *answers *Sharply defined with well-defined borders
superficial cellulitis
TXT: Keflex or Penicillin
Purulent Cellulitis - *answers *Possible MRSA
Bactrim
Clindamyacin
Doxycline
Non-Purulent Cellulitis - *answers *Erythematous angry looking swollen
TXT: Keflex or PCN
Geographical tongue - *answers *BENIGN
caused by spicy & hot foods
Leukoplakia - *answers *can not scrape off of tongue
refer to dentists
commonly seen with HIV
Candidiasis - *answers *Can scrape off of tongue
Rubeola - *answers *Measles
starts with a fever, cough, congestion (Coryza) & conjunctivitis (pink watery eyes)- 10
days after exposure
rash on day 15 when fever breaks
Koplic Spots- mouth tiny sand grains surrounded by erythematous base on the buccal
mucosa (2-3 days after symptoms)
contagious airborne- 1 week after exposure 304 days before rash & 3-4 days after rash
causes PNA & encephalitis
TXT: antpyretics, hydration & rest (days 22-24 rash resolves along w/ measles)
MMR at 12 months & 4 yrs- LIVE vaccine
Mumps - *answers *Parotid gland swelling (bulimia can cause this too from repetitive
vomiting)
Rubella - *answers *German measles
Rash- pink & starts on face and spreads to rest of the body
fever, swollen cervical lymph nodes
TXT: hydration, rest, Tylenol & Motrin
Aphthous Stomatitis - *answers *inside of the mouth
red base with white ulcer
topical relief
Herpes - *answers *outside of the mouth
painful clustered vesicles on an erythema base
antiviral- valtrex/acylovir within in 48 to 72 hours
Keratosis Pilaris - *answers *Chicken bumps
seen in children
most of the time will outgrow
rough patches small acne- like bumps from too much keratin blocking hair follicles
TXT: emollients & moisturizers
Impetigo - *answers *Honey crusted lesions
Strep Anginosus & Staph Aureus
Bolus= oral antibiotics
NonBolus= mupirocin/Bactroban ointment
Pityriasis Rosea - *answers *Distributed in Christmas tree pattern
starts with a herald patch
self-limiting
Brown recluse spider bite - *answers *bite becomes under and turns deep purple in
color with a white halo around it
may have systemic symptoms
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - *answers *Tic Bite
TXT: Doxycycline- even if pregnant
rash 3-5 days after symptoms on palms of hands and soles of feet
North Carolina
Lyme Disease - *answers *Bulls-eye lesion (Erythema Migraines)
TXT: Doxycline
Amoxicillin if allergic
Sialolithiasis - *answers *mass under the chin while eating
salivary gland stone
Actinic keratosis - *answers *dry pink lesions on sun exposed areas
if left untreated may lead to CANCER- squamous cell carcinoma
TXT: 5-FU or cryotherapy
Squamous Cell Carcinoma - *answers *Slow-growing, scale, ulcerated & bleeds easily
DX: BIOPSY
REFER to dermatology
,Sara Michelle's Crash Course
Cafe au Lait Spotsq - *answers *Benign & do not require interventions unless you have
more that 8= neurofibromatosis
Malignant Melanoma - *answers *Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color
Diameter > 6mm
Evolving or Elevated above the skin
could also present as a dark spot under the nail that is not related to trauma
Splinter hemorrhage - *answers *black lines under the nail not related to melanoma but
caused by endocarditis
Seborrheic Keratosis - *answers *Pasted on skin lesions
BENIGN- does not need to be removed
Basal Cell Carcinoma - *answers *Most comnmon skin cancer
Telangiectasias= visible blood vessels across the lesion
Shiny, waxy, or pearly in nature
BIOPSY & REFER to DERM
Eczema - *answers *Extremely PRURITIC
commonly found on flexor surfaces
TXT: emollients & Topical steroids
Atopic dermatitis, Asthma & Allergies
Plaque Psoriasis - *answers *Thick Silvery Scales
Auspitz Sign- when the plaques are scratched pinpoint bleeding occurs
Koebner's phenomenon- Trauma to skin leads to plaque forming
TXT: topical steroids & Cole Tar & Refer to Dermatology
Contact Dermatitis - *answers *Linear distribution
TXT: topical steroids & avoid irritant
Shingles - *answers *Across the dermatome
Vascular & burning & tingling at the site prior to rash
TXT: Acyclovir (CHEAPER)/Valcyclovir
Anywhere close to the eyes- refer to ophthalmology b/c risk for permanent corneal
scaring & blindness
Shingrex- can be given no matter when the last outbreak was b/c inactivated also give
at 50 years old
Zosyvax- old vaccine & off the market
Stage 1 pressure injury - *answers *red does not blanch
no breaks in the skin
,Sara Michelle's Crash Course
TXT: foam dressings
Unstageable pressure injury - *answers *can not see the depth of the wound bed
because of the presents of a sloth
Eschar on the heel - *answers *typically seen with diabetics
if it is stable with no signs of infections it should not be removed or soaked by the
patient
Scabies - *answers *between fingers & ties intently pruritic & everyone in the house
has same symptoms
TXT: permethrin cream & wash everything in hot water usually have to treat twice to get
rid of it effectively
Chicken Pox - *answers *Lesions in various stages of healing
Varicella Vaccine- LIVE must be 12 months of age
Can return to school when all of the lesions are crusted over
Head Lice - *answers *Pruitis all throughout the day and night
TXT: permethrin- only kills live lice therefore the nits (eggs) must be combed out. may
need 2 treatments. wash bedding & other items in hot water
Molluscum Contagiosum - *answers *If located in the groin area- possible sexual abuse
Impregnated or dimple lesion
highly contagious
TXT: self-limiting takes a few months
Anthrax - *answers *Cattle Farmer
ulcerated & black lesion that is painless
TXT: CIPRO for at least 2 months. also treated with tetracycline- doxycycline
Hidradenitis Suppurativia - *answers *Recurrent issue- not due to hygiene more linked
to genetics
risk factors- smoking & obesity
abscess in the axilla
TXT: I&D & wound culture
Mild= warm compresses and ABX- long term
Folliculitis - *answers *infection of the hair follicles
TXT: topical mupirocin
Severe- oral ABX penicillin or Keflex
Rosacea - *answers *Erythematous facial rash that does NOT spare the nose
TXT: topical flatly gel
, Sara Michelle's Crash Course
Lupus - *answers *Erythematous facial rash that DOES spare the nasolabial folds
(MALOR RASH)
Sjogren's Syndrome - *answers *Very dry eyes & mouth
commonly seen in Lupus
Erysipelas - *answers *Sharply defined with well-defined borders
superficial cellulitis
TXT: Keflex or Penicillin
Purulent Cellulitis - *answers *Possible MRSA
Bactrim
Clindamyacin
Doxycline
Non-Purulent Cellulitis - *answers *Erythematous angry looking swollen
TXT: Keflex or PCN
Geographical tongue - *answers *BENIGN
caused by spicy & hot foods
Leukoplakia - *answers *can not scrape off of tongue
refer to dentists
commonly seen with HIV
Candidiasis - *answers *Can scrape off of tongue
Rubeola - *answers *Measles
starts with a fever, cough, congestion (Coryza) & conjunctivitis (pink watery eyes)- 10
days after exposure
rash on day 15 when fever breaks
Koplic Spots- mouth tiny sand grains surrounded by erythematous base on the buccal
mucosa (2-3 days after symptoms)
contagious airborne- 1 week after exposure 304 days before rash & 3-4 days after rash
causes PNA & encephalitis
TXT: antpyretics, hydration & rest (days 22-24 rash resolves along w/ measles)
MMR at 12 months & 4 yrs- LIVE vaccine
Mumps - *answers *Parotid gland swelling (bulimia can cause this too from repetitive
vomiting)
Rubella - *answers *German measles
Rash- pink & starts on face and spreads to rest of the body
fever, swollen cervical lymph nodes
TXT: hydration, rest, Tylenol & Motrin
