PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WGU D236
WELL SIMPLIFIED NOTES
Rhabdomyolsis
-muscle breakdown products accumulate in bloodstream
-myalgia, weakness and myoglobinuria (tea colored urine)
-elevated CK levels
- acute renal injury
Phagocytosis
leukocyte engulfs, degrades and kills ingested matter
Ovarian Cancer Markers
HE4 BioMarker and CA 125 Tumor marker
Hypospadias
urethra on the ventral (Underside) of penis
2 most common types of newborn male abnormalities
Hypo or Cryptorchidism (undescended testes)
Appendicitis
Burney's point (RLQ abd)
n/v fever (low grade), chills, anorexia, constipation or
diarrhea, abd bloating
lymphedema
lymphatic blockage causing lymphedema or nerve
impingement
ALL (Acute lymphocytic leukemia)
ALL accounts for 75% of pediatric leukemia cases
-CNS s/s: headache, easy bruising and bleeding, anemia,
fatigue, weakness, dizziness, dyspnea and pallor.
enlarged spleen or liver.
, HPV
ca causing viruses
-cervical, vaginal, vulva, penile anus, back of throat
cancers
condyloma acuminata
small wartlike lesions that are raised, flat or shaped like
cauliflower may be present with HPV
What is the process of hemodialysis?
Blood is drawn from the brachiocephalic artery, pumped
into a dialyzer to remove excess solutes and fluid, and
then returned to the body via the cephalic vein. 4-6 hours
3x a week
What substances diffuse into the dialysis solution
during hemodialysis?
Urea, potassium, and phosphate.
What components are normalized in the blood during
hemodialysis?
Electrolytes, albumin, and BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen).
CRRT
for hemodynamically unstable and fluid overloaded
patients continuous process takes smaller volumes over
24 hours
Chronic renal failure complications
progresses to ESRD (end-stage renal failure) - kidney
function decreases to the point where they cannot excrete
waste products or control volume status
ESRD s/s
respiratory compromise from fluid overload, HTN, uremic
coma - death without dialysis, encephalopathy, uremic
frost and fetor, hypothyroidism, heart failure, infertility/ED,
renal osteodystrophy, edema, high BUN/creat., anemia,
WELL SIMPLIFIED NOTES
Rhabdomyolsis
-muscle breakdown products accumulate in bloodstream
-myalgia, weakness and myoglobinuria (tea colored urine)
-elevated CK levels
- acute renal injury
Phagocytosis
leukocyte engulfs, degrades and kills ingested matter
Ovarian Cancer Markers
HE4 BioMarker and CA 125 Tumor marker
Hypospadias
urethra on the ventral (Underside) of penis
2 most common types of newborn male abnormalities
Hypo or Cryptorchidism (undescended testes)
Appendicitis
Burney's point (RLQ abd)
n/v fever (low grade), chills, anorexia, constipation or
diarrhea, abd bloating
lymphedema
lymphatic blockage causing lymphedema or nerve
impingement
ALL (Acute lymphocytic leukemia)
ALL accounts for 75% of pediatric leukemia cases
-CNS s/s: headache, easy bruising and bleeding, anemia,
fatigue, weakness, dizziness, dyspnea and pallor.
enlarged spleen or liver.
, HPV
ca causing viruses
-cervical, vaginal, vulva, penile anus, back of throat
cancers
condyloma acuminata
small wartlike lesions that are raised, flat or shaped like
cauliflower may be present with HPV
What is the process of hemodialysis?
Blood is drawn from the brachiocephalic artery, pumped
into a dialyzer to remove excess solutes and fluid, and
then returned to the body via the cephalic vein. 4-6 hours
3x a week
What substances diffuse into the dialysis solution
during hemodialysis?
Urea, potassium, and phosphate.
What components are normalized in the blood during
hemodialysis?
Electrolytes, albumin, and BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen).
CRRT
for hemodynamically unstable and fluid overloaded
patients continuous process takes smaller volumes over
24 hours
Chronic renal failure complications
progresses to ESRD (end-stage renal failure) - kidney
function decreases to the point where they cannot excrete
waste products or control volume status
ESRD s/s
respiratory compromise from fluid overload, HTN, uremic
coma - death without dialysis, encephalopathy, uremic
frost and fetor, hypothyroidism, heart failure, infertility/ED,
renal osteodystrophy, edema, high BUN/creat., anemia,
