Asbestos Supervisor Initial Exam | Questions with Verified Correct Answers

Asbestos Supervisor Initial Exam | Questions with Verified Correct Answers acute coronary syndrome - ans-description of all symptoms brought on my myocardial ischemia -two categories are angina pectoris and AMI angina pectoris - ans-decrease O2 or arterial spasm -can be present during stress or physical exertion -squeezing, pressure sensation, like reflux or GERD -may be jaw, arm pain, nausea acute myocardial infarction - ans-the condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation -nausea, sweating, chest pressure/squeezing, arm, jaw, lower back/abdom pain nitroglycerin - ans-used to relieve chest pain through vasodilation -forms used by patients usually include sublingual tablets or sprays and transdermal patches -contraindications: -have taken erectile dysfunction meds within the past 24 hours, SBP below 100 -side effects: -tachycardia -max dosage is 3 doses every 5 minutes congestive heart failure - ans-heart's pumping mechanism is weaker -fluid stasis around heart and congestion in lungs dependent edema - ans-gravity-related swelling in lower body hypertensive emergency - ans-ideal BP: 120/80 -HTN: 140/90 or higher -normally over 180 -evidence of impending irreversible organ damage to at least one system (brain, heart, etc.) 12 lead EKG - ans-10 electrodes: V1-V6 & 4 limbs take different angles of the heart 5 links in chain of survival - ansThe system components of CPR 1. Early Access 2. Early CPR 3. Early defibrillation / AED 4. Early advanced care 5. Integrated post-arrest care AED with pacemakers/implanted defibs - ans-avoid placing AED pads over these devices -place AED pad directly below the device -the anterior/posterior pad position may also be used AED with wet patients - ansAED should not be used in these conditions lateral recumbent (recovery) position - ans-the patient is lying on their left or right side -if lying on one side for more than 30 minutes, turn to other side Fowler position - ans-patient is lying on back with upper body elevated at 45 to 60 degree angle Semi-Fowler - ans-the same as Fowler, but upper body elevated at less than 45 degrees Trendelenburg position - ans-patient lying on back on an incline with their legs up and head down -no longer recommended shock position - ans-lying on back with feet and legs elevated 12 inches -no longer recommended for shock -may be used for patients that have fainted and do not have spinal injuries spinal column - ans-cervical (7) -thoracic (12) -lumbar (5) -sacral (5) -coccyx (4) adrenal glands - ansproduce epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, aldosterone thyroid glands - ansproduces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth parathyroid glands - ansregulate amount of calcium and phosphorus in the body quadrants - ansRUQ - liver, kidney, gallbladder LUQ - spleen, kidney, stomach, pancreas RLQ - appendix, ovary LLQ - ovary small + large = everywhere systolic and diastolic BP - anssystolic - measure of cardiac output, pressure in arteries when heart contracts diastolic - pressure when heart is at rest, measure of systemic vascular resistance 3 types of stress - ans-acute - in response to experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event -delayed - develops a stress response after the event (like PTSD) -cumulative - develops over a long period of time after repeated exposure to stressful events AIDS mode of transmission/signs symptoms - ans-blood, semen, vaginal fluid, transplacental -fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, recurrent infections, flu-like symptoms Hep B and C - ans-blood, semen, vaginal fluid, transplacental -loss of appetite, jaundice, yellowing of eyes and skin tuberculosis - ans-respiratory secretions, airborne or direct contact -persistent cough, night sweats, fatigue, hemoptysis influenza - ans-airborne droplets, direct contact with body fluids -fever, muscle aches, chills, respiratory problems chicken pox - ans-airborne droplets, direct contact with body fluids -itchy, blister like rash on skin bacterial meningitis - ans-oral and nasal secretions -fever, headache, stiff neck, Kernig's sign (inability to extend leg) pneumonia - ans-respiratory secretions and airborne droplets -high fever, chills, pain in chest, expectorant cough, trouble breathing whooping cough - ans-respiratory secretions and airborne droplets -whoop sounding cough disease exposure procedure - ans-if patient is diagnosed with airborne infectious disease, medical facility will notify designated officer within 48 hours -employer will arrange you to be evaluated -if you come into contact with blood or body fluids, seek immediate medical attention PPE when in contact with patient's bodily fluids - ans-for hemorrhage, delivering a baby -wear disposable gown and mask PPE when dealing with suspected airborne disease - ans-wear high-efficienc Diabetic coma - ansOr hyperglycemic crisis. A state of unconsciousness resulting from ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, and dehydration Signs of hypoglycemia - ansRapid onset, pale, cool, moist skin, normal or rapid breathing, irritability, confusion, immediate response to treatment, insulin shock Insulin shock - ansHypoglycemic crisis Signs of opioids - ansDepressant, like heroin or oxycodone. Causes hypoventilation or respiratory arrest, pinpoint pupils, sedation or coma, hypotension. Everything "depresses" Sympathomimetics - ansStimulants, like epinephrine or cocaine. Causes hypertension, tachycardia, dilated pupils, agitation, hyperthermia. Everything "stimulates" Sedative-hypnotics - ansType of depressant, like alcohol. Slurred speech, sedation or coma, hypoventilation, hypotension. Induces sleep. Anticholinergics - ansType of stimulant, like atropine. Tachycardia, hyperthermia, hypertension, dilated pupils. Same as sympathomimetics. Cholingergics - ansexcess defecation or urination, pinpoint pupils, airway compromise, salivation, nausea/vomiting Signs of chlamydia - ansLower abdominal pain, low back pain, nausea, fever Signs of gonorrhea - ansNo symptoms for a while, painful urination, discharge Blood volume during pregnancy - ansCan increase as much as 50% Umbilical cord - ansContains two arteries and one vein. The vein carries oxygenated blood and arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the woman. delivering a baby! - ans-position mother with knees drawn up and spread apart; hips elevated and feet flat on the surface -apply gentle pressure to head avoiding fontanelle to prevent explosive deliver 1. if GCS less than 14 of SBP less than 90 or RR between 10-29, transport to highest level 2. if suffered critical or life-threatening injuries, transport to the highest level 3. if suffered a serious fall or high-risk vehicle collision 4. older than 55 or has bleeding disorders or end stage renal disease or 20 weeks pregnant, or time-sensitive extremity injury, contact medical direction 5. burns without any trauma, transport to burn facility. if burn injuries with trauma, transport to trauma GCS - anslower score = higher priority eye opening -opens eyes spontaneously - 4 -opens eyes to verbal commands (in those under 1 years old, opens eyes to shouts) - 3 -opens eyes to pain - 2 -does not open - 1 verbal response -oriented and converses normally - 5 -disoriented but converses (for younger, uses inappropriate words or cries) - 4 -utters incoherent words (cries or scream) - 3 -utters incomprehensible sounds (grunts) - 2 -makes no sounds - 1 motor response -obeys verbal commands - 6 -localizes pain - 5 -flexion (withdraws from pain) - 4 -abnormal flexion - 3 -extension to painful stimuli - 2 -no response - 1 six rights of drug administration - ans1. right patient 2. right drug 3. right route 4. right dosage 5. right time -check for nuchal cord. remove it. if you can't and there isn't a chance of multiple deliveries, place two clamps 2-3 inches apart and cut between clamps -as soon as head is delivered, suction mouth and then nose -dry and wrap in a blanket; place at level of vagina until umbilical cord is cut -cut when pulsations stop (first clamp 6 inches from infant's abdomen and second 9 inches) -up to 500 mL is normal 1st stage of labor - ans"dilation" Begins with the onset of contractions and ends when the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm) can last about 18+ hours 2nd stage of labor - ans"expulsion" Begins when the fetus enters the birth canal and ends when the infant is born can last about an hour Preeclampsia - ansPregnancy-induced hypertension. Headache, seeing spots, edema, anxiety, high BP