Contemporary j Cardiology
Series jEditor: jPeter jP. jToth
Maciej Banach Editor
Cardiovascular
Complications
of COVID-19
Acute and Long-Term Impacts
,Contents
Part jI j j General jPart
1 Biology jof jSARS-CoV-2 jCoronavirus; jOrigin, jStructure, jand
Variants ........................................................................................................... 3
Naser-Aldin jLashgari, jMaryam jShayan, jNazanin jMomeni
jRoudsari, jDanial jKhayatan, jSaeideh jMomtaz, jAmir jHossein
jAbdolghaffari, jThozhukat jSathyapalan, jand jAmirhossein
jSahebkar
2 COVID-19 jEpidemiology jand jDifferences jin jIncidence
and jMortality jBetween jCountries ............................................................ 19
Melvin jLarker jand jSeth jS. jMartin
3 Clinical jSymptoms jand jCourse jof jCOVID-19 ........................................ 31
Miłosz jParczewski, jBogusz jAksak-Wąs, jand jDaniel jChober
4 Risk jFactors jof jDeveloping jCOVID-19 jand jits jSevere jCourse ........... 49
Vanessa jBianconi, jElena jCosentini, jMassimo jR. jMannarino,
jand jMatteo jPirro
5 Prognosis jin jCOVID-19 jPatients: jStatistics, jRisk jFactors .................... 73
Bozena jSosnowska, jAgata jBielecka-Dabrowa, jand jMaciej jBanach
Part jII j j Cardiovascular jComplications jof jthe jAcute jPhase jof jCOVID-19
6 Myocardial jInjury jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence
on jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................................. 105
Stefania jLucia jMagda, jRoxana jCristina jRimbas,
jand jDragos jVinereanu
7 Acute jCoronary jSyndrome: jDestabilization jof
jAtherosclerotic jPlaque jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology,
jInfluence jon jPrognosis,
Pathogenesis, jand jTreatment) .................................................................. 121
Stanisław jSurma, jJoanna jLewek, jand jMaciej jBanach
, xiii
xiv Contents
8 Acute jVascular jInjury jin jCOVID-19 ..................................................... 151
Bharat jNarasimhan, jMarta jLorente-Ros, jHarish jNarasimhan,
jand jWilbert jS. jAronow
9 Heart jFailure jand jAcute jCirculatory jFailure
in jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence jon jPrognosis,
Pathogenesis, j Treatment) .......................................................................... 171
Ryosuke jSato, jEvertz jRuben, jand jStephan jvon jHaehling
10 Cardiomyopathy jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence
on jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................................. 181
Agata jBielecka-Dabrowa, jKatarzyna jGryglewska,
jKrzysztof jCienkowski, jand jMaciej jBanach
11 Arrhythmias jin jCOVID-19....................................................................... 193
Maria jMitkowska, jJakub jLanga, jand jPrzemysław jMitkowski
12 Thromboembolic jEvents jin jCOVID-19 .................................................. 201
Maria jWieteska-Miłek jand jMarcin jKurzyna
13 Stroke jin jCOVID-19.................................................................................. 217
Katrin jGross-Paju, jJanika jKõrv, jand jMargus jViigimaa
14 Pulmonary jEmbolism jAfter jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology,
Influence jon jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................ 243
Pierre jSabouret, jDavid jSulman, jGabriela jBuffet, jAlberto
jTesta, jand jGiuseppe jBiondi-Zoccai
15 Interaction jof jAnti-COVID-19 jDrugs jwith jCardiovascular
Therapy ....................................................................................................... 255
Leskovar jDunja, jPećin jIvan, jand jReiner jŽeljko
Part jIII j Influence jof jthe jTreatment jof jCardiovascular
jDiseases jon jthe jCourse jof jCOVID-19
16 Beyond jthe jVaccines-Bioactive jLipids jin jCOVID-19 ............................ 265
Undurti jN. jDas
17 Statins jand jCOVID-19 j(Mechanism jof jAction, jEffect
on jPrognosis) .............................................................................................. 285
Joanna jLewek, jStanislaw jSurma, jand jMaciej jBanach
18 COVID-19 j and jAntihypertensive jTreatment ......................................... 303
Giuseppe jMancia, jFederico jRea, jGuido jGrassi, jSverre jE.
jKjeldsen, jReinhold jKreutz, jand jGiovanni jCorrao
19 Colchicine jin jCOVID-19 j(Mechanism jof jAction, jEffect
on jPrognosis) .............................................................................................. 317
Ibadete jBytyçi jand jMaciej jBanach
Contents xv
, 20 Antiplatelet jDrugs jin jCOVID-19: jMechanism jof jAction
and jEffect jon jPrognosis ...........................................................................331
Jack jS. jBell, jGregory jY. jH. jLip, jand jRiccardo jProietti
21 Antidiabetic jDrugs jin jCOVID-19............................................................351
Niki jKatsiki jand jMaciej jBanach
Part jIV j j Cardiovascular jComplications jon jLong jCOVID-19
22 Long-COVID-19: jDefinition, jEpidemiology, jand jClinical
Implications.................................................................................................367
Alice jP. jMcCloskey jand jPeter jE. jPenson
23 Cardiovascular jComplications jof jLong jCOVID-19: jPrevalence,
jDiagnosis, jand jRisk jFactors ..................................................................379
Michał jChudzik jand jJoanna jKapusta
24 Cardiovascular jComplications jof jLong-COVID: jManagement ..........401
Zofia jKułaczkowska, jAlicja jNowowiejska-Wiewióra,
jJacek jT. jNiedziela, jand jMariusz jGąsior
Part jV j The jImpact jof jCOVID-19 jPandemic jon jthe je-
Services jand jDigital jTools jDevelopment jin
jMedicime
25 The jImpact jof jthe jCOVID-19 jPandemic jon je-Services
and jDigital jTools jDevelopment jin jMedicine .........................................413
Sonu jM. jM. jBhaskar
Index ....................................................................................................................429
Series jEditor: jPeter jP. jToth
Maciej Banach Editor
Cardiovascular
Complications
of COVID-19
Acute and Long-Term Impacts
,Contents
Part jI j j General jPart
1 Biology jof jSARS-CoV-2 jCoronavirus; jOrigin, jStructure, jand
Variants ........................................................................................................... 3
Naser-Aldin jLashgari, jMaryam jShayan, jNazanin jMomeni
jRoudsari, jDanial jKhayatan, jSaeideh jMomtaz, jAmir jHossein
jAbdolghaffari, jThozhukat jSathyapalan, jand jAmirhossein
jSahebkar
2 COVID-19 jEpidemiology jand jDifferences jin jIncidence
and jMortality jBetween jCountries ............................................................ 19
Melvin jLarker jand jSeth jS. jMartin
3 Clinical jSymptoms jand jCourse jof jCOVID-19 ........................................ 31
Miłosz jParczewski, jBogusz jAksak-Wąs, jand jDaniel jChober
4 Risk jFactors jof jDeveloping jCOVID-19 jand jits jSevere jCourse ........... 49
Vanessa jBianconi, jElena jCosentini, jMassimo jR. jMannarino,
jand jMatteo jPirro
5 Prognosis jin jCOVID-19 jPatients: jStatistics, jRisk jFactors .................... 73
Bozena jSosnowska, jAgata jBielecka-Dabrowa, jand jMaciej jBanach
Part jII j j Cardiovascular jComplications jof jthe jAcute jPhase jof jCOVID-19
6 Myocardial jInjury jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence
on jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................................. 105
Stefania jLucia jMagda, jRoxana jCristina jRimbas,
jand jDragos jVinereanu
7 Acute jCoronary jSyndrome: jDestabilization jof
jAtherosclerotic jPlaque jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology,
jInfluence jon jPrognosis,
Pathogenesis, jand jTreatment) .................................................................. 121
Stanisław jSurma, jJoanna jLewek, jand jMaciej jBanach
, xiii
xiv Contents
8 Acute jVascular jInjury jin jCOVID-19 ..................................................... 151
Bharat jNarasimhan, jMarta jLorente-Ros, jHarish jNarasimhan,
jand jWilbert jS. jAronow
9 Heart jFailure jand jAcute jCirculatory jFailure
in jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence jon jPrognosis,
Pathogenesis, j Treatment) .......................................................................... 171
Ryosuke jSato, jEvertz jRuben, jand jStephan jvon jHaehling
10 Cardiomyopathy jin jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology, jInfluence
on jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................................. 181
Agata jBielecka-Dabrowa, jKatarzyna jGryglewska,
jKrzysztof jCienkowski, jand jMaciej jBanach
11 Arrhythmias jin jCOVID-19....................................................................... 193
Maria jMitkowska, jJakub jLanga, jand jPrzemysław jMitkowski
12 Thromboembolic jEvents jin jCOVID-19 .................................................. 201
Maria jWieteska-Miłek jand jMarcin jKurzyna
13 Stroke jin jCOVID-19.................................................................................. 217
Katrin jGross-Paju, jJanika jKõrv, jand jMargus jViigimaa
14 Pulmonary jEmbolism jAfter jCOVID-19 j(Epidemiology,
Influence jon jPrognosis, jPathogenesis, jTreatment) ................................ 243
Pierre jSabouret, jDavid jSulman, jGabriela jBuffet, jAlberto
jTesta, jand jGiuseppe jBiondi-Zoccai
15 Interaction jof jAnti-COVID-19 jDrugs jwith jCardiovascular
Therapy ....................................................................................................... 255
Leskovar jDunja, jPećin jIvan, jand jReiner jŽeljko
Part jIII j Influence jof jthe jTreatment jof jCardiovascular
jDiseases jon jthe jCourse jof jCOVID-19
16 Beyond jthe jVaccines-Bioactive jLipids jin jCOVID-19 ............................ 265
Undurti jN. jDas
17 Statins jand jCOVID-19 j(Mechanism jof jAction, jEffect
on jPrognosis) .............................................................................................. 285
Joanna jLewek, jStanislaw jSurma, jand jMaciej jBanach
18 COVID-19 j and jAntihypertensive jTreatment ......................................... 303
Giuseppe jMancia, jFederico jRea, jGuido jGrassi, jSverre jE.
jKjeldsen, jReinhold jKreutz, jand jGiovanni jCorrao
19 Colchicine jin jCOVID-19 j(Mechanism jof jAction, jEffect
on jPrognosis) .............................................................................................. 317
Ibadete jBytyçi jand jMaciej jBanach
Contents xv
, 20 Antiplatelet jDrugs jin jCOVID-19: jMechanism jof jAction
and jEffect jon jPrognosis ...........................................................................331
Jack jS. jBell, jGregory jY. jH. jLip, jand jRiccardo jProietti
21 Antidiabetic jDrugs jin jCOVID-19............................................................351
Niki jKatsiki jand jMaciej jBanach
Part jIV j j Cardiovascular jComplications jon jLong jCOVID-19
22 Long-COVID-19: jDefinition, jEpidemiology, jand jClinical
Implications.................................................................................................367
Alice jP. jMcCloskey jand jPeter jE. jPenson
23 Cardiovascular jComplications jof jLong jCOVID-19: jPrevalence,
jDiagnosis, jand jRisk jFactors ..................................................................379
Michał jChudzik jand jJoanna jKapusta
24 Cardiovascular jComplications jof jLong-COVID: jManagement ..........401
Zofia jKułaczkowska, jAlicja jNowowiejska-Wiewióra,
jJacek jT. jNiedziela, jand jMariusz jGąsior
Part jV j The jImpact jof jCOVID-19 jPandemic jon jthe je-
Services jand jDigital jTools jDevelopment jin
jMedicime
25 The jImpact jof jthe jCOVID-19 jPandemic jon je-Services
and jDigital jTools jDevelopment jin jMedicine .........................................413
Sonu jM. jM. jBhaskar
Index ....................................................................................................................429