PSYCH 351D - Chapter 14: Learning and Memory
1. What is dyslexia?: An impairment in learning to read, write and is the most common learning disability
2. Connecting learning and memory, learning is and memory is
, and an engram (or memory trace) is : Learning the change in an
organisms behaviour as a result of experience
Memory is the ability to recall or organise previously learnt information
An engram is a mental representation of a previous experience and corresponds to a physical change in the brain at the
synapses
3. Explain pavlov's conditioning and provide an example: A learning procedure whereby a neutral stimulus is paired
with a response which creates an association between the two
an example is eyeblink conditioning: When at the optometrists office and they do the air puff test you will blink after the
tone it plays and the puff. So when just he tone is played you will blink
4. What is fear conditioning: conditioned emotional response between a neural stimulus and unpleasant event
5. Explain operant conditioning: Learning based on positive and negative rein- forcement
6. Explain Thorndike's puzzle box: A cat was placed in a box with a lever to get out to access food, at first it pulled
the lever by accident but after a while it learned that it opened the gate. So it learned that its actions have consequences
7. Compare implicit and explicit memory. Implicit memory is whereas
explicit memory is : Implicit is unconscious memory for skills, unconscious knowledge, or
conditioned response
Explicit is conscious memory for facts or events
8. Explicit memory has two subparts: semantic which is and episod- ic
which is : Semantic memory - facts about the world
Episodic memory - autobiographical information that is attached to specific
9. The Gollin figure test had participants view a degraded image of a dog that gradually became complete where
normal participants were able to identify the image sooner indicating that they had some form of memory for the
image. What was the performance for amnesic patients: They also showed improvement on the test even though they
did not recall seeing the images before giving evidence for implicit memory
10.explain the difference between habituation and sensitization: Habituation: response to a stimulus is weekend
following repeated exposure
1/
15
, PSYCH 351D - Chapter 14: Learning and Memory
Sensitization: enhanced response to a stimulus
2/
15
1. What is dyslexia?: An impairment in learning to read, write and is the most common learning disability
2. Connecting learning and memory, learning is and memory is
, and an engram (or memory trace) is : Learning the change in an
organisms behaviour as a result of experience
Memory is the ability to recall or organise previously learnt information
An engram is a mental representation of a previous experience and corresponds to a physical change in the brain at the
synapses
3. Explain pavlov's conditioning and provide an example: A learning procedure whereby a neutral stimulus is paired
with a response which creates an association between the two
an example is eyeblink conditioning: When at the optometrists office and they do the air puff test you will blink after the
tone it plays and the puff. So when just he tone is played you will blink
4. What is fear conditioning: conditioned emotional response between a neural stimulus and unpleasant event
5. Explain operant conditioning: Learning based on positive and negative rein- forcement
6. Explain Thorndike's puzzle box: A cat was placed in a box with a lever to get out to access food, at first it pulled
the lever by accident but after a while it learned that it opened the gate. So it learned that its actions have consequences
7. Compare implicit and explicit memory. Implicit memory is whereas
explicit memory is : Implicit is unconscious memory for skills, unconscious knowledge, or
conditioned response
Explicit is conscious memory for facts or events
8. Explicit memory has two subparts: semantic which is and episod- ic
which is : Semantic memory - facts about the world
Episodic memory - autobiographical information that is attached to specific
9. The Gollin figure test had participants view a degraded image of a dog that gradually became complete where
normal participants were able to identify the image sooner indicating that they had some form of memory for the
image. What was the performance for amnesic patients: They also showed improvement on the test even though they
did not recall seeing the images before giving evidence for implicit memory
10.explain the difference between habituation and sensitization: Habituation: response to a stimulus is weekend
following repeated exposure
1/
15
, PSYCH 351D - Chapter 14: Learning and Memory
Sensitization: enhanced response to a stimulus
2/
15
