Test Bank for McCan c c c
ce & Huether’s Patho
c c c
physiology: The Biolo c c
gic Basis for Disease in
c c c c
Adultsand Children
c c c c
9th Edition by Julia R
c c c c
ogers
1
, PATHO PHYSI c
OLOGY9TH c
EDITION M c
CCANCE TE c
STBANK
c
LATEST REVISED
c
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
c c c
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. WhichccomponentcofctheccellcprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.Cen
OMperoxidec(H 2O2)cbycusingcoxygenctocr
emovechydrogencatomscfromcspecificcsubstratescincancoxidativecreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.c Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:cB
Peroxisomescarecsocnamedcbecausectheycusuallyccontaincenzymescthatcusecoxygenctocremovec
hydrogencatomscfromcspecificcsubstratescincancoxidativecreactioncthatcproducescH2O2,cwhichc
iscacpowerfulcoxidantcandcpotentiallycdestructivecifcitcaccumulatescorcescapescfromcperoxiso
mes.cRibosomescarecRNA-
proteinccomplexesc(nucleoproteins)cthatcarecsynthesizedcincthecnucleoluscandcsecretedcintocth
eccytoplasmcthroughcporescincthecnuclearcenvelopeccalledcnuclearcporeccomplexes.cLysosom
escarecsaclikecstructurescthatcoriginatecfromcthecGolgiccomplexcandccontaincmorecthanc40cdig
estivecenzymesccalledchydrolases,cwhichccatalyzecbondscincproteins,clipids,cnucleiccacids,can
dccarbohydrates.cOxyhydrosomescarecinvolvedcincenzymecproduction.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec8
2. Whichcstatementcbestcdescribesctheccellularcfunctioncofcmetaboliccabsorption?
a. Cellsccancproducecproteins. c. Cellsccanctakecincandcusecnutrients.
b. Cellsccancsecretecdigestivecenzymes. d.c Cellsccancsynthesizecfats.
ANS:cC
Incmetaboliccabsorption,callccellsctakecincandcusecnutrientscandcothercsubstancescfromctheircsu
rroundings.cThecremainingcoptionscarecnotcinclusivecinctheircdescriptionscofccellularcmetabo
liccabsorption.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec2
3. Mostcofcaccell’scgeneticcinformation,cincludingcRNAcandcDNA,cisccontainedcincthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.ccc Lysosome
ANS:cC
Thecnucleusccontainscthecnucleolus,cacsmallcdensecstructureccomposedclargelycofcRNA,cmo
stcofctheccellularcDNA,candcthecDNA-
bindingcproteins,csuchcascthechistones,cwhichcregulatecitscactivity.cThecothercoptionscdocnotcc
ontaincmostcofcaccell’scgeneticcinformation.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec2
4. Whichccellccomponentcisccapablecofccellularcautodigestioncwhencitciscreleasedcduringccellcin
jury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothcendoplasmiccreticulum
b. Golgiccomplex
d.cLysosomescANS:cD
, Theclysosomalcmembranecactscascacprotectivecshieldcbetweencthecpowerfulcdigestivecenzyme
scwithinctheclysosomecandctheccytoplasm,cpreventingctheircleakagecintoctheccytoplasmiccmatri
x.cDisruptioncofcthecmembranecbycvariousctreatmentscorccellularcinjurycleadsctocacreleasecofcth
eclysosomalcenzymes,cwhichccancthencreactcwithctheircspecificcsubstrates,ccausingccellularcse
lf-digestion.cThecothercoptionscdocnotccorrectlycdescribecthiscprocess.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagesc7-8
5. Whatciscthecsequencecofcstepscincthecdevelopmentcofcacdigestivecenzymecbycthecpancreascce
llscfromcthecinitialctranscriptionctocthecreleasecfromctheccell?
a. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecri
bosomecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincacsecretorycvesiclectoctheccellcmemb
rane.
b. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcRNAcbycDNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctoctheclysos
omecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincancencapsulatedcmembranectoctheccellcmembr
ane.
c. Thecenzymecisctranscribedcbycthecmitochondriacincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecribo
somecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincaccytoskeletonctoctheccellcmembrane.
d. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecGolg
iccomplexcforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincaccytosolctoctheccellcmembrane.
ANS:cA
ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecribosomecfo
rcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincacsecretorycvesiclectoctheccellcmembrane.cThecothercoptio
nscdocnotccorrectlycdescribecthiscprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec7c|cFigurec1-5
6. DuringcwhichcphasecofctheccellccycleciscDNAcsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.c M
ANS:cB
Thecfourcdesignatedcphasescofctheccellccyclecare:c(1)cthecG1cphasec(Gc=cgap),cwhichciscthecperi
odcbetweencthecMcphasec(Mc=cmitosis)candcthecstartcofcDNAcsynthesis;c(2)cthecScphasec(Sc=csy
nthesis),cduringcwhichcDNAciscsynthesizedcinctheccellcnucleus;c(3)cthecG2cphase,cduringcwhic
hcRNAcandcproteincsynthesiscoccurs,cthecperiodcbetweenctheccompletioncofcDNAcsynthesisca
ndcthecnextcphasec(M);candc(4)cthecMcphase,cwhichcincludescnuclearcandccytoplasmiccdivision
.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec37
7. Whatcorganicccompoundcfacilitatesctransportationcacrossccellcmembranescbycactingcascr
eceptors,ctransportcchannelscforcelectrolytes,candcenzymesctocdrivecactivecpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.c Carbohydrates
ANS:cC
ce & Huether’s Patho
c c c
physiology: The Biolo c c
gic Basis for Disease in
c c c c
Adultsand Children
c c c c
9th Edition by Julia R
c c c c
ogers
1
, PATHO PHYSI c
OLOGY9TH c
EDITION M c
CCANCE TE c
STBANK
c
LATEST REVISED
c
,Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
c c c
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. WhichccomponentcofctheccellcprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.Cen
OMperoxidec(H 2O2)cbycusingcoxygenctocr
emovechydrogencatomscfromcspecificcsubstratescincancoxidativecreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.c Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:cB
Peroxisomescarecsocnamedcbecausectheycusuallyccontaincenzymescthatcusecoxygenctocremovec
hydrogencatomscfromcspecificcsubstratescincancoxidativecreactioncthatcproducescH2O2,cwhichc
iscacpowerfulcoxidantcandcpotentiallycdestructivecifcitcaccumulatescorcescapescfromcperoxiso
mes.cRibosomescarecRNA-
proteinccomplexesc(nucleoproteins)cthatcarecsynthesizedcincthecnucleoluscandcsecretedcintocth
eccytoplasmcthroughcporescincthecnuclearcenvelopeccalledcnuclearcporeccomplexes.cLysosom
escarecsaclikecstructurescthatcoriginatecfromcthecGolgiccomplexcandccontaincmorecthanc40cdig
estivecenzymesccalledchydrolases,cwhichccatalyzecbondscincproteins,clipids,cnucleiccacids,can
dccarbohydrates.cOxyhydrosomescarecinvolvedcincenzymecproduction.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec8
2. Whichcstatementcbestcdescribesctheccellularcfunctioncofcmetaboliccabsorption?
a. Cellsccancproducecproteins. c. Cellsccanctakecincandcusecnutrients.
b. Cellsccancsecretecdigestivecenzymes. d.c Cellsccancsynthesizecfats.
ANS:cC
Incmetaboliccabsorption,callccellsctakecincandcusecnutrientscandcothercsubstancescfromctheircsu
rroundings.cThecremainingcoptionscarecnotcinclusivecinctheircdescriptionscofccellularcmetabo
liccabsorption.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec2
3. Mostcofcaccell’scgeneticcinformation,cincludingcRNAcandcDNA,cisccontainedcincthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.ccc Lysosome
ANS:cC
Thecnucleusccontainscthecnucleolus,cacsmallcdensecstructureccomposedclargelycofcRNA,cmo
stcofctheccellularcDNA,candcthecDNA-
bindingcproteins,csuchcascthechistones,cwhichcregulatecitscactivity.cThecothercoptionscdocnotcc
ontaincmostcofcaccell’scgeneticcinformation.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec2
4. Whichccellccomponentcisccapablecofccellularcautodigestioncwhencitciscreleasedcduringccellcin
jury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothcendoplasmiccreticulum
b. Golgiccomplex
d.cLysosomescANS:cD
, Theclysosomalcmembranecactscascacprotectivecshieldcbetweencthecpowerfulcdigestivecenzyme
scwithinctheclysosomecandctheccytoplasm,cpreventingctheircleakagecintoctheccytoplasmiccmatri
x.cDisruptioncofcthecmembranecbycvariousctreatmentscorccellularcinjurycleadsctocacreleasecofcth
eclysosomalcenzymes,cwhichccancthencreactcwithctheircspecificcsubstrates,ccausingccellularcse
lf-digestion.cThecothercoptionscdocnotccorrectlycdescribecthiscprocess.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagesc7-8
5. Whatciscthecsequencecofcstepscincthecdevelopmentcofcacdigestivecenzymecbycthecpancreascce
llscfromcthecinitialctranscriptionctocthecreleasecfromctheccell?
a. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecri
bosomecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincacsecretorycvesiclectoctheccellcmemb
rane.
b. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcRNAcbycDNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctoctheclysos
omecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincancencapsulatedcmembranectoctheccellcmembr
ane.
c. Thecenzymecisctranscribedcbycthecmitochondriacincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecribo
somecforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincaccytoskeletonctoctheccellcmembrane.
d. ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecGolg
iccomplexcforcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincaccytosolctoctheccellcmembrane.
ANS:cA
ThecenzymecisctranscribedcfromcDNAcbycRNAcincthecnucleus,cproceedsctocthecribosomecfo
rcsynthesis,candcisctransportedcincacsecretorycvesiclectoctheccellcmembrane.cThecothercoptio
nscdocnotccorrectlycdescribecthiscprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec7c|cFigurec1-5
6. DuringcwhichcphasecofctheccellccycleciscDNAcsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.c M
ANS:cB
Thecfourcdesignatedcphasescofctheccellccyclecare:c(1)cthecG1cphasec(Gc=cgap),cwhichciscthecperi
odcbetweencthecMcphasec(Mc=cmitosis)candcthecstartcofcDNAcsynthesis;c(2)cthecScphasec(Sc=csy
nthesis),cduringcwhichcDNAciscsynthesizedcinctheccellcnucleus;c(3)cthecG2cphase,cduringcwhic
hcRNAcandcproteincsynthesiscoccurs,cthecperiodcbetweenctheccompletioncofcDNAcsynthesisca
ndcthecnextcphasec(M);candc(4)cthecMcphase,cwhichcincludescnuclearcandccytoplasmiccdivision
.
PTS:ccc 1 REF:cPagec37
7. Whatcorganicccompoundcfacilitatesctransportationcacrossccellcmembranescbycactingcascr
eceptors,ctransportcchannelscforcelectrolytes,candcenzymesctocdrivecactivecpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.c Carbohydrates
ANS:cC
