Criminal activities that lead to money laundering can include: - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Illegal Arm Sales
Narcotics Trafficking
Contraband smuggling and other activities related to organized crime
Embezzelement
Insider Trading
Bribery
Computer Fraud Schemes
What are the Three Stages in the Money Laundering Cycle? - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Placement
Layering
Integration
Placement - ✅✅✅CORRECT -The physical disposal of cash or other assets derived from criminal
activity.
During this phase, the money launderer introduces the illicit proceeds into the financial system via
formal financial institutions, casinos, and other legitimate businesses, both domestic and international
Layering - ✅✅✅CORRECT -The separation of illicit proceeds from their source by layers of financial
transactions intended to conceal the origin of the proceeds.
Involves converting the proceeds of the crime into another form and creating complex layers of financial
transactions to obfuscate the source and ownership of funds.
Integration - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Supplying apparent legitimacy to illicit wealth through the re-entry of
the funds into the economy in what appears to be normal business or personal transactions.
,Entails using laundered proceeds in seemingly normal transactions to create the perception of
legitimacy.
What are the consequences of Money Laundering? - ✅✅✅CORRECT -1. Increased Exposure to
Organized Crime and Corruption.
2. Undermining the Legitimate Private Sector
3. Weakening Financial Institutions
4. Dampening Effect on Foreign Investments
5. Loss of Control of, or Mistakes in, Decisions regarding Economic Policy
6. Economic Distortion and Instability
7. Loss of Tax Revenue
8. Risks to Privatization Efforts
9. Reputation Risk for the Country
10. Risk of International Sanctions
Increased Exposure to Organized Crime and Corruption - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Successful ML enhances
the profitable aspects of criminal activity.
Risk of International Sanctions - ✅✅✅CORRECT -In order to protect the financial system from ML/TF,
the United States, the United Nations, the European Union and other governing bodies may impose
sanctions against foreign countries, entities or individuals, terrorists and terrorist groups, drug traffickers
and other security threats.
Undermining the Legitimate Private Sector: - ✅✅✅CORRECT -One of the most serious
microeconomic effects of ML is felt in the private sector.
Reputation Risk for the Country - ✅✅✅CORRECT -A reputation as a ML/TF haven can harm
development and economic growth in a country.
Weakening Financial Institutions - ✅✅✅CORRECT -ML/TF can harm the soundness of a country's
financial sector.
, Risks to Privatization Efforts - ✅✅✅CORRECT -ML threatens the efforts of many states trying to
introduce reforms into their economies through the privatization of state-owned properties such as land,
resources, or enterprises.
Loss of Control, or Mistakes in, Decisions Regarding Economic Policy - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Due to the
large amounts of money involved in the ML process, in some emerging market countries these illicit
proceeds may dwarf government budgets.
Loss of Tax Revenue - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Of the underlying forms of illegal activity, tax evasion is,
perhaps, the one with the most obvious macroeconomic impact.
Economic Distortion and Instability - ✅✅✅CORRECT -ML are not primarily interested in profit
generation from their investments, but rather, in protecting their proceeds and hiding the illegal origin of
funds.
What are the Adverse Risks to Financial Institutions? - ✅✅✅CORRECT -Reputational
Operational
Legal
Concentration Risks
Reputational Risk - ✅✅✅CORRECT -The potential that adverse publicity regarding an organization's
business practices and associations, whether accurate or not, will cause a loss of public confidence in the
integrity of the organization.
Operational Risk - ✅✅✅CORRECT -The potential for loss resulting from inadequate internal
processes, personnel or systems, or from external events.
Legal Risk - ✅✅✅CORRECT -The potential for lawsuits, adverse judgements, unenforceable
contracts, fines and penalties generating losses, increased expenses for an organization, or even the
closure of the organization.
Illicit money can move through numerous different channels including through: - ✅✅✅CORRECT -
Commercial Products