COMPUTER NETWORKS
PAPER CODE : 21UCA07
SUBJECT INCHARGE : JOTHI C
1
, UNIT - 1
INTRODUCTION:
A collection of autonomous computer interconnected by a single
technology. Two computers are said to be interconnected if they are able
to exchange information.
USES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
1. Business application:
Every large and medium-sized company and many small companies
are vitally dependent on computerized information. Most companies have
customer records, inventories, accounts receivable, financial statements,
tax information, and much more online. Computer networks is widely used
in the following areas.It can be done by
i. Resource sharing
ii. Client server model
iii. Electronic mail
Resource sharing:
The goal is to make all programs, equipment and especially data
available to anyone on the network with out regard to the physical location
of the resource and the user. The important one is sharing information.
Client server model:
● The simplest of terms one can image a company’s information system
as consisting of one or more data base and some number of employees
who need to access them remotely. In this model, the data are stored
on powerful computers called servers.
● Employees have simpler machines called clients on their desk with
which they access remote data. This whole arrangement is called
client-server model.
2
,Electronic mail:
E-mail which employees generally use for a great deal of daily
communication. Many companies provide catalogs of their goals and
services online and take orders on line. It is called E-commerce.
2. Home application:
People buy computers for internet access. Some of the more popular
uses of the internet for home users are as
i. Access to remote information
ii. Person to Person communication
iii. Entertainment
iv. Electronic commerce
Access to remote information:
It can be surfing the WWW for information. Information available
includes the arts, business, working, government, health, history, hobbies,
recreation, science, sports, travel and etc…
Person to Person communication:
It is classified in to three ways
* Instant messaging:
Two people to type messages at each other in real time.
*Chat room:
A multiperson and a group of people can type messages for all
to see.
*Peer-to-Peer communication:
3
, Each and Every person can in principle communicate with one
or more other people, there is no fixed division in to client and servers.
Entertainment:
It is a huge and growing industry. The killer application here is video
on demand. On the other hand, may be the killer application will not be
video and demand may be it will be game playing.
Electronic commerce:
It is for a home shopping, it is used to pay their bills, manage the bank
accounts, and handle their investments electronically.
Tag Full name Example
B2C Business- to- Ordering books online
consumer
B2B Business- to- business Car manufacturer ordering
tires for supplier
G2C Government-to- Government distributing
consumer tax forms electronically
C2C Consumer-to- Auctioning second-hand
consumer products on line
P2P Peer-to-peer File sharing
3. Mobile users:
Such as notebook computers and personal digital assistance
(PDAs), are one of the fastest growing segments of the computer industry.
Although wireless networking and mobile computing are often related, they
are not identical.
Wireless Mobile Applications
No No Desktop computers in offices
No Yes A notebook computer used in a hotel
room
Yes No Networks in older, unwired buildings
Yes Yes Portable office; PDA for store
inventory
4. Social issues:
1. Bulletin boards whereby people can exchange messages with like
minded individuals.
2. Another fun area is employee rights verses employer rights.
4
PAPER CODE : 21UCA07
SUBJECT INCHARGE : JOTHI C
1
, UNIT - 1
INTRODUCTION:
A collection of autonomous computer interconnected by a single
technology. Two computers are said to be interconnected if they are able
to exchange information.
USES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
1. Business application:
Every large and medium-sized company and many small companies
are vitally dependent on computerized information. Most companies have
customer records, inventories, accounts receivable, financial statements,
tax information, and much more online. Computer networks is widely used
in the following areas.It can be done by
i. Resource sharing
ii. Client server model
iii. Electronic mail
Resource sharing:
The goal is to make all programs, equipment and especially data
available to anyone on the network with out regard to the physical location
of the resource and the user. The important one is sharing information.
Client server model:
● The simplest of terms one can image a company’s information system
as consisting of one or more data base and some number of employees
who need to access them remotely. In this model, the data are stored
on powerful computers called servers.
● Employees have simpler machines called clients on their desk with
which they access remote data. This whole arrangement is called
client-server model.
2
,Electronic mail:
E-mail which employees generally use for a great deal of daily
communication. Many companies provide catalogs of their goals and
services online and take orders on line. It is called E-commerce.
2. Home application:
People buy computers for internet access. Some of the more popular
uses of the internet for home users are as
i. Access to remote information
ii. Person to Person communication
iii. Entertainment
iv. Electronic commerce
Access to remote information:
It can be surfing the WWW for information. Information available
includes the arts, business, working, government, health, history, hobbies,
recreation, science, sports, travel and etc…
Person to Person communication:
It is classified in to three ways
* Instant messaging:
Two people to type messages at each other in real time.
*Chat room:
A multiperson and a group of people can type messages for all
to see.
*Peer-to-Peer communication:
3
, Each and Every person can in principle communicate with one
or more other people, there is no fixed division in to client and servers.
Entertainment:
It is a huge and growing industry. The killer application here is video
on demand. On the other hand, may be the killer application will not be
video and demand may be it will be game playing.
Electronic commerce:
It is for a home shopping, it is used to pay their bills, manage the bank
accounts, and handle their investments electronically.
Tag Full name Example
B2C Business- to- Ordering books online
consumer
B2B Business- to- business Car manufacturer ordering
tires for supplier
G2C Government-to- Government distributing
consumer tax forms electronically
C2C Consumer-to- Auctioning second-hand
consumer products on line
P2P Peer-to-peer File sharing
3. Mobile users:
Such as notebook computers and personal digital assistance
(PDAs), are one of the fastest growing segments of the computer industry.
Although wireless networking and mobile computing are often related, they
are not identical.
Wireless Mobile Applications
No No Desktop computers in offices
No Yes A notebook computer used in a hotel
room
Yes No Networks in older, unwired buildings
Yes Yes Portable office; PDA for store
inventory
4. Social issues:
1. Bulletin boards whereby people can exchange messages with like
minded individuals.
2. Another fun area is employee rights verses employer rights.
4
