Learning
Definition:
. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior that
occurs through practice or experience.
. Learning is extremely important for humans and animals to
survive, function and adapt to their world.
Factors Influencing Learning:
1. Motivation
2. Reinforcement
3. Association
Motivation:
It is the most important factor influencing the learner. If
the learner has no motivation to learn, any amount of force will
be futile. More the motivation, the better will be the learning. In
addition to motivation, the learner should have a definite goal. It
will direct the individual appropriately and help him to achieve
the goal.
Reinforcement:
The concept of reinforcement is identical to the
presentation of reward. Learning yields are dependent upon the
nature and quality of the reinforcement provided to the learner
in his learning task. One must be acquainted with the progress of
his learning in terms of his strengths and weaknesses and
remedial action, if needed, may be taken at the proper time.
Knowledge of the results and the progress may work for
providing immediate reinforcement to the learner. In addition to
it, the learning process can be suitably designed if we take due
care to make planning of proper reinforcement schedules. The
results are unmatchable so much so as simple reinforcement
, techniques in the shapes of approval of the learning response,
nodding of the head, smiling, saying good-bye and similar other
things bring a magic in terms of a learner's interests and
achievements.
Association:
• Association is a style of learning that happens when two
unrelated elements (for example, objects, sights, sounds,
ideas, and/or behaviours) become connected in our brains
through a process known as conditioning.
Examples of associative learning include:
If someone puts their hand on a hot stove and hurts
themselves, they may learn to associate hot stoves with pain, and
have therefore been conditioned not to put their hands on them.
If someone eats a particular food, then develops a headache
soon afterwards, they may learn to associate that food with
headaches (even if the food didn’t cause the headache), and not
want to eat it again.
• Associative learning is something that all humans and animals
do naturally. By linking elements together and making a web
of different connections, we build up our memories and
deepen our understanding of the world around us. If we did
not do this, we would not be able to recall even the most basic
of things, such as how to get to the local shops, or that we do
not like certain foods.
Different types of learning:
a. Observational learning: organisms learn by watching what
others do.
b. Associative learning: a connection or association is made
between two events.
Definition:
. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior that
occurs through practice or experience.
. Learning is extremely important for humans and animals to
survive, function and adapt to their world.
Factors Influencing Learning:
1. Motivation
2. Reinforcement
3. Association
Motivation:
It is the most important factor influencing the learner. If
the learner has no motivation to learn, any amount of force will
be futile. More the motivation, the better will be the learning. In
addition to motivation, the learner should have a definite goal. It
will direct the individual appropriately and help him to achieve
the goal.
Reinforcement:
The concept of reinforcement is identical to the
presentation of reward. Learning yields are dependent upon the
nature and quality of the reinforcement provided to the learner
in his learning task. One must be acquainted with the progress of
his learning in terms of his strengths and weaknesses and
remedial action, if needed, may be taken at the proper time.
Knowledge of the results and the progress may work for
providing immediate reinforcement to the learner. In addition to
it, the learning process can be suitably designed if we take due
care to make planning of proper reinforcement schedules. The
results are unmatchable so much so as simple reinforcement
, techniques in the shapes of approval of the learning response,
nodding of the head, smiling, saying good-bye and similar other
things bring a magic in terms of a learner's interests and
achievements.
Association:
• Association is a style of learning that happens when two
unrelated elements (for example, objects, sights, sounds,
ideas, and/or behaviours) become connected in our brains
through a process known as conditioning.
Examples of associative learning include:
If someone puts their hand on a hot stove and hurts
themselves, they may learn to associate hot stoves with pain, and
have therefore been conditioned not to put their hands on them.
If someone eats a particular food, then develops a headache
soon afterwards, they may learn to associate that food with
headaches (even if the food didn’t cause the headache), and not
want to eat it again.
• Associative learning is something that all humans and animals
do naturally. By linking elements together and making a web
of different connections, we build up our memories and
deepen our understanding of the world around us. If we did
not do this, we would not be able to recall even the most basic
of things, such as how to get to the local shops, or that we do
not like certain foods.
Different types of learning:
a. Observational learning: organisms learn by watching what
others do.
b. Associative learning: a connection or association is made
between two events.
