NURS 5032 EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Family-Centered Care
The safe, high-quality care that recognizes and adapts to both the physical and
psychosocial needs of the family, including those of the newborn and older children
Basic Principles...
-Childbirth is a normal, healthy event
-Childbirth affects the entire family
-Families can make decisions about their care if given adequate information and
professional support
Integral for comprehensive care in obstetrics and pediatric settings
Grounded in a mutually beneficial partnership between patients, families, and
healthcare professionals
Barriers...
-Lack of skills in communication, role negotiation, and developing relationships
-Lack of time
-Lack of support from healthcare system and team
Trends/Statistics in Childbirth
,US birth rate declining
Age at time of childbirth is increasing
Teen pregnancy is declining
Pregnancy-related mortality ratios in US are increasing
Over 80% of pregnancy-related deaths were preventable
Key Points of Preconception Care
Nutrition in pregnancy
Take 400-800 mcg of folic acid to lower the risk of some birth defects of the brain and
spine, including spina bifida
Identify and manage chronic medical conditions
Review OTC/Rx meds, supplements
Identify risk factors for TORCH infections, substance use
Review vaccinations
Menstrual Cycle
Divided into 2 smaller cycle: Uterine & Ovarian Cycle
Uterine Cycle:
1. Menses
2. Proliferative phase
3. Secretory phase
Ovarian Cycle:
1. Follicular phase
,2. Ovulation
3. Luteal phase
Uterine Cycle
MENSES - shedding of uterine lining
-Low estrogen and progesterone levels
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE - buildup of thick inner lining to prepare for implantation of
fertilized egg
-Increasing estrogen due to follicular development
SECRETORY PHASE - further prepares the endometrium by making it more glandular
and vascular to support potential pregnancy
-Progesterone produced by corpus luteum
Ovarian Cycle
FOLLICULAR PHASE - start of menses until ovulation occurs
-FSH from pituitary stimulates follicle growth, dominant follicle prepared to be released
at ovulation for fertilization
OVULATION - a surge in LH triggers ovulation (release of the egg!)
LUTEAL PHASE - empty follicle becomes corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone,
which helps prepare uterine lining for potential pregnancy
-If pregnancy does not occur, estrogen and progesterone drop signaling menses
, Dating a Pregnancy
Gestational Age - estimate of how far along someone is in their pregnancy
-Usually stated in weeks
-Most pregnancies last 40 weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP)
Dated from LMP and not date of conception
-Usually 4w by time someone misses their period
Nagele's Rule - for people with regular periods; LMP, subtract 2 months, add 7 days
Ultrasound - for irregular periods
Embryonic Period
Extends from the beginning of the 3rd week until the 8th week gestation
Embryonic disc develops 3 layers...
-Ectoderm
-Mesoderm
-Endoderm
By the end of the 8th week, all major organ systems are in place
Teratogens during this period may cause major structural and functional damage to the
developing organs
Fetal Period
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Family-Centered Care
The safe, high-quality care that recognizes and adapts to both the physical and
psychosocial needs of the family, including those of the newborn and older children
Basic Principles...
-Childbirth is a normal, healthy event
-Childbirth affects the entire family
-Families can make decisions about their care if given adequate information and
professional support
Integral for comprehensive care in obstetrics and pediatric settings
Grounded in a mutually beneficial partnership between patients, families, and
healthcare professionals
Barriers...
-Lack of skills in communication, role negotiation, and developing relationships
-Lack of time
-Lack of support from healthcare system and team
Trends/Statistics in Childbirth
,US birth rate declining
Age at time of childbirth is increasing
Teen pregnancy is declining
Pregnancy-related mortality ratios in US are increasing
Over 80% of pregnancy-related deaths were preventable
Key Points of Preconception Care
Nutrition in pregnancy
Take 400-800 mcg of folic acid to lower the risk of some birth defects of the brain and
spine, including spina bifida
Identify and manage chronic medical conditions
Review OTC/Rx meds, supplements
Identify risk factors for TORCH infections, substance use
Review vaccinations
Menstrual Cycle
Divided into 2 smaller cycle: Uterine & Ovarian Cycle
Uterine Cycle:
1. Menses
2. Proliferative phase
3. Secretory phase
Ovarian Cycle:
1. Follicular phase
,2. Ovulation
3. Luteal phase
Uterine Cycle
MENSES - shedding of uterine lining
-Low estrogen and progesterone levels
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE - buildup of thick inner lining to prepare for implantation of
fertilized egg
-Increasing estrogen due to follicular development
SECRETORY PHASE - further prepares the endometrium by making it more glandular
and vascular to support potential pregnancy
-Progesterone produced by corpus luteum
Ovarian Cycle
FOLLICULAR PHASE - start of menses until ovulation occurs
-FSH from pituitary stimulates follicle growth, dominant follicle prepared to be released
at ovulation for fertilization
OVULATION - a surge in LH triggers ovulation (release of the egg!)
LUTEAL PHASE - empty follicle becomes corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone,
which helps prepare uterine lining for potential pregnancy
-If pregnancy does not occur, estrogen and progesterone drop signaling menses
, Dating a Pregnancy
Gestational Age - estimate of how far along someone is in their pregnancy
-Usually stated in weeks
-Most pregnancies last 40 weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP)
Dated from LMP and not date of conception
-Usually 4w by time someone misses their period
Nagele's Rule - for people with regular periods; LMP, subtract 2 months, add 7 days
Ultrasound - for irregular periods
Embryonic Period
Extends from the beginning of the 3rd week until the 8th week gestation
Embryonic disc develops 3 layers...
-Ectoderm
-Mesoderm
-Endoderm
By the end of the 8th week, all major organ systems are in place
Teratogens during this period may cause major structural and functional damage to the
developing organs
Fetal Period
