NURS2750 WEEK 9 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what are the main things the urinary system does
removes metabolic wastes
removes hormones
removes drugs other foreign material from body
regulates water, electrolyte, acid/base imbalance
secretes erethropoietin
activates vitamin d
regulates bp through RAAS
anatomical order of urinary system
kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra
what do the renal corpuscles contain
glomerulus
bowman capsule
what do the renal tubules contain
proximal convoluted tubules
loop of henle
,distal convoluted tubules
collecting duct
what are the 3 main mechanisms of how the kidney functions
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
secreted in the posterior pituitary
reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
aldosterone
secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption in exchange for potassium
or hydrogen
atrial natriuretic hormone
hormone secreted by the heart cells that reduces sodium and fluid reabsorption
GFR
afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus
autoregulation and hormones control pressure in the glomerular capillaries by:
vasoconstriction of afferent arteriole (decreased glomerular pressure = decreased
filtrate)
dilation of afferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased filtrate)
vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased
filtrate)
, control of arteriolar constriction by 3 factors:
autoregulation, sympathetic nervous system, renin
autoregulation is a local adjustment, made in response to changes in blood flow in
kidneys
SNS increases vasoconstriction in both arterioles
Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells when blood flow to afferent arteriole is
reduced.
straw colored with mild odor
Normal urine
cloudy urine
May indicate the presence of large amounts of protein, blood, bacteria, and pus
dark color
May indicate hematuria, excessive bilirubin, or highly concentrated urine
Unpleasant or unusual odor of urine
Infection or result from certain dietary components or medication
what will a urinary infection have in its urinalysis
heavy purulence and presence of gram negative and gram positive organisms
blood in urine
small amounts: infection, inflammation, or tumors
large amounts: increased glomerular permeability or hemmorhage
elevated protein level
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what are the main things the urinary system does
removes metabolic wastes
removes hormones
removes drugs other foreign material from body
regulates water, electrolyte, acid/base imbalance
secretes erethropoietin
activates vitamin d
regulates bp through RAAS
anatomical order of urinary system
kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra
what do the renal corpuscles contain
glomerulus
bowman capsule
what do the renal tubules contain
proximal convoluted tubules
loop of henle
,distal convoluted tubules
collecting duct
what are the 3 main mechanisms of how the kidney functions
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
secreted in the posterior pituitary
reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
aldosterone
secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption in exchange for potassium
or hydrogen
atrial natriuretic hormone
hormone secreted by the heart cells that reduces sodium and fluid reabsorption
GFR
afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus
autoregulation and hormones control pressure in the glomerular capillaries by:
vasoconstriction of afferent arteriole (decreased glomerular pressure = decreased
filtrate)
dilation of afferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased filtrate)
vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased
filtrate)
, control of arteriolar constriction by 3 factors:
autoregulation, sympathetic nervous system, renin
autoregulation is a local adjustment, made in response to changes in blood flow in
kidneys
SNS increases vasoconstriction in both arterioles
Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells when blood flow to afferent arteriole is
reduced.
straw colored with mild odor
Normal urine
cloudy urine
May indicate the presence of large amounts of protein, blood, bacteria, and pus
dark color
May indicate hematuria, excessive bilirubin, or highly concentrated urine
Unpleasant or unusual odor of urine
Infection or result from certain dietary components or medication
what will a urinary infection have in its urinalysis
heavy purulence and presence of gram negative and gram positive organisms
blood in urine
small amounts: infection, inflammation, or tumors
large amounts: increased glomerular permeability or hemmorhage
elevated protein level
