NURS2201 EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Diaphoretic
Sweaty
Tachypnoeic
Increased respiratory rate
ABG's
A test of gases and pH in arterial blood
Coarse rales
A series of low popping sounds, also called 'crackles'
Haemoptysis
Coughing bloody sputum
Consolidation
Increased areas of density due to fluid, mucous and oedema on the chest X-ray.
Anchoring
Anchoring or focalism is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to
rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making
decisions. During decision making, anchoring occurs when individuals use an initial
piece of information to make subsequent judgments.
Pneumonia affects gas exchange in which structure of the lungs?
Alveoli
,Further assessment for a patient with a suspected with a suspected pneumonia
includes several aspects.
1) White cell count
2) Mental status
3) Full blood count and serum electrolytes
4) Breath sounds
5) Assessment of pursed lip breathing and or use of accessory muscles.
What are abnormal findings on chest inspection?
1) Abdominal movement
2) Inspiration lasting approximately twice as long as expiration.
The body's respiratory centre is primarily stimulated by:
1) A rise in blood carbon dioxide
List 4 common causes for low arterial oxygen levels (hypoxaemia)
1) Hypoxia
2) Hypoventilation
3) Ventilation and perfusion mismatch
4) Diffusion abnormalities
The inflammation of pneumonia is most likely to cause an alteration in:
Diffusion of gases
When gathering information from a patient who is very breathless, it is important
to ask:
closed ended questions
Four groups of people most likely to be affected by pneumonia:
,1) Elderly
2) Alcoholics
3) Immunocompromised
4) Those with a chronic illness
Pleural effusion
Build up of fluid in the space between the lung and the chest wall
Empyema
Pockets of pus that form in the space between the lung and the chest wall.
Productive cough
Sputum material coughed up from the lungs.
Lung abscess
Pockets of pus that form in the lung itself
Secondary infection due to medication
Secondary bacterial lung infection after a viral infection
Bacteremia or septicaemia
Bacteria in the bloodstream or though-out the body.
Dyspnoea
Clinical sign of hypoxia, manifested by a feeling of breathlessness
Fatigue
Subjective sensation of a patient reporting loss of endurance.
Malaise
Generalised feeling of being unwell
Normal PaO2 for a healthy young man would be between?
, 80-100
A normal PaCO2 for a healthy young man would be between?
35 and 45
Normal pH?
7.35 and 7.45
Trent's PaCO2 on admission is low, his pH is alkalotic. The most likely reason for
this would be?
His respiratory rate is raised as he is hypoxic, he has a low PaO2, and his rapid
respiratory rate has caused him to 'blow off' CO2, hence raising his pH.
Trent has a fever related to his pneumonia. Which of the following would you
expect in this instance?
Haemoglobin would release oxygen more readily and bind it less readily.
What clues are more relevant to the assessment of Trent's hypoxia?
Temperature: 38.8
SpO2: 92% on room air
ABG's: PaO2 55mmHg, PaCO2 32mmHg, pH 7.48
CXR: Left middle lobe consolidation
Trent is tachypnoeic due to a high fever?
True
Trent is hypoxic as mucous is partially blocking his airways, impeding gas
exchange?
True
Trent's pulse is faster as a compensatory mechanism to increase gas exchange?
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Diaphoretic
Sweaty
Tachypnoeic
Increased respiratory rate
ABG's
A test of gases and pH in arterial blood
Coarse rales
A series of low popping sounds, also called 'crackles'
Haemoptysis
Coughing bloody sputum
Consolidation
Increased areas of density due to fluid, mucous and oedema on the chest X-ray.
Anchoring
Anchoring or focalism is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to
rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making
decisions. During decision making, anchoring occurs when individuals use an initial
piece of information to make subsequent judgments.
Pneumonia affects gas exchange in which structure of the lungs?
Alveoli
,Further assessment for a patient with a suspected with a suspected pneumonia
includes several aspects.
1) White cell count
2) Mental status
3) Full blood count and serum electrolytes
4) Breath sounds
5) Assessment of pursed lip breathing and or use of accessory muscles.
What are abnormal findings on chest inspection?
1) Abdominal movement
2) Inspiration lasting approximately twice as long as expiration.
The body's respiratory centre is primarily stimulated by:
1) A rise in blood carbon dioxide
List 4 common causes for low arterial oxygen levels (hypoxaemia)
1) Hypoxia
2) Hypoventilation
3) Ventilation and perfusion mismatch
4) Diffusion abnormalities
The inflammation of pneumonia is most likely to cause an alteration in:
Diffusion of gases
When gathering information from a patient who is very breathless, it is important
to ask:
closed ended questions
Four groups of people most likely to be affected by pneumonia:
,1) Elderly
2) Alcoholics
3) Immunocompromised
4) Those with a chronic illness
Pleural effusion
Build up of fluid in the space between the lung and the chest wall
Empyema
Pockets of pus that form in the space between the lung and the chest wall.
Productive cough
Sputum material coughed up from the lungs.
Lung abscess
Pockets of pus that form in the lung itself
Secondary infection due to medication
Secondary bacterial lung infection after a viral infection
Bacteremia or septicaemia
Bacteria in the bloodstream or though-out the body.
Dyspnoea
Clinical sign of hypoxia, manifested by a feeling of breathlessness
Fatigue
Subjective sensation of a patient reporting loss of endurance.
Malaise
Generalised feeling of being unwell
Normal PaO2 for a healthy young man would be between?
, 80-100
A normal PaCO2 for a healthy young man would be between?
35 and 45
Normal pH?
7.35 and 7.45
Trent's PaCO2 on admission is low, his pH is alkalotic. The most likely reason for
this would be?
His respiratory rate is raised as he is hypoxic, he has a low PaO2, and his rapid
respiratory rate has caused him to 'blow off' CO2, hence raising his pH.
Trent has a fever related to his pneumonia. Which of the following would you
expect in this instance?
Haemoglobin would release oxygen more readily and bind it less readily.
What clues are more relevant to the assessment of Trent's hypoxia?
Temperature: 38.8
SpO2: 92% on room air
ABG's: PaO2 55mmHg, PaCO2 32mmHg, pH 7.48
CXR: Left middle lobe consolidation
Trent is tachypnoeic due to a high fever?
True
Trent is hypoxic as mucous is partially blocking his airways, impeding gas
exchange?
True
Trent's pulse is faster as a compensatory mechanism to increase gas exchange?
