MSAT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++

MSAT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE

SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++


Describe the Nasal Cavity in terms of:



1. How many

2. seperation

3. Function

1. 2 Nasal Cavities



2. Seperated by nasal Septum, seperated from oral oppening by hard palate

(Maxillary+incisive+palatine bone)



3. Olfactory, Respiratory, Filtration, thermoregulation

Describe the Nasal Conchae and Meatus

Conchae: Thin coiled bone blades lined by nasal mucosa. Dorsal Ventral, and

middle Nasal Conchae

Nasal Meatus: Longitudinal gutters. 1 Dorsal, 1 Middle, 1 Ventral

Describe Paranasal Sinuses and their function. What sinuses exist in the below

species?

1. Horse

2. Ox

,3. Dog

Cavities carved into the nasal cavity walls and communicate with them. Lighten bones

in the head + humidification of air

1. 5 Sinuses (Frontal, Sphenoidal, ethmoidal, rostral maxillary, caudal maxillary)

2. 4 Sinuses (Frontal, Sphenoidal, Ethmoidal, Maxillary)

3. 3 Sinuses (Frontal, Maxillary, Sphenoidal)

Describe the Following Nasal Conchae in the Horse

1. Dorsal Nasal Conchae

2. Ventral Nasal Conchae

3. Middle Nasal Conchae

1. It's caudal part forms the Dorsal Conchal sinus that communicates with the frontal

sinus

2. It's caudal part forms the Central Conchal sinus that communicates with the rostral

maxillary sinus

3. It is the most caudal. Between the dorsal and ventral nasal Concha but doesnt open

in the middle meatus.

Briefly describe Osseous Blade conformation from cranial to caudal. How does it

form Nasal-Conchal sinuses from Nasal Conchae

1. Coiled Osseous blade = Dorsal and Ventral Nasal Conchae

2. Osseous blades are progressively unwound from Rostal to caudal

3. Uncoiled Osseous blade joins the nasal cavity lateral wall and forms Nasal-Conchal

Sinus

,Explain the formation and Communication of the following Sinuses within the

Horse

1. Frontal Sinus

2. Sphenoidal Sinus

3. Ethmoidal Sinus

4. Caudal Maxillary Sinus

5. Cranial Maxillary Sinus

1. 2 Parts (Caudal dug into the frontal bone, and rostral formed by the dorsal conchal

sinus). Communicates with medial compartment of the caudal Maxillary Sinus

2. Into presphenoid and palatine bones. Opens in the rostral medial compartment of the

caudal maxillary Sinus

3. Formed by the ethmoid. opens into the Medial Compartment of the Caudal

Maxillary Sinus through a hole between the bony septum seperating the frontal and

caudal maxillary sinus

4. Largest Sinus, Carved into the maxillary bone. seperated from cranial Maxillary sinus

by interstitial Blade. Contains Molars. All sinuses (except the cranial maxillary) are

in Direct Communication with the Caudal Maxillary Sinus

5. Carved into the Maxillary Bone Extends into the ventral conchal sinus. Opens into

the Middle Meatus

Explain the Differences within the Ox's Nasal Cavities

Median Septum does not fully seperate the two nasal cavities. they communicate widely

in their posterior third

, Explain the special formation and Communication of the Frontal Sinus within the

Ox

Highly Developed. medium septum separates the 2 Frontal sinuses that together

completely surround the skull. formed by a main compartment surrounding the skull; in

communication with it is 3 Diverticula

1. Orbital Diverticulum: in the orbital process of the frontal

2, Cornual (Horn) diverticulum: extends into the corneal process (Horn) of the frontal

bone

3. Nuchal diverticulum: hinder part reaches occipital

Explain the formation and Communication of the following Sinuses within the Ox

1. Sphenoidal Sinus

2. Ethmoidal Sinus

3. Maxillary Sinus

1. Caved by the orbital sphenoid wing

2. represented by the cavity of the ethmoid or middle concha

3. Single maxillary sinus

Explain the special formation and Communication of the Maxillary Sinus within

the Ox

- single Maxillary Sinus

Describe the Following in the Ox

1. Dorsal Conchae

2. Ventral Conchae

3. Middle Conchae