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Assess
Gather data via medical history, physical exam, and symptoms
Diagnose
Identify the problem with a nursing diagnosis
Plan
Prioritizing and synthesizing data to meet desired patient outcomes
Implement
Putting the patient's care plan into action
Evaluate
Evaluate for therapeutic response, adverse effects, and interactions and adjust or
reassess if necessary
Collecting data
Essential to collect on admission and to determine drug response and side effects
Conclusion of assessment
Identifying actual or potential problems
Plan of care
Based on assessment/diagnosis
Executing the plan of care
How to manage side effects
Ongoing process appraising the plan of care
Client response to drugs, side effects, understanding of drug therapy, medication
adherence
6 Rights of Medication administration
Drug
Dose
Route
Time
Patient
Documentation
Pharmacokinetics
how drugs move through the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)
Absorption
Bioavailability must account for liver
First pass effect
oral drugs are given in higher doses because they have early breakdown in the liver
Distribution
protein binding, less medication in bone and BBB, more in liver, kidney, heart
Metabolism
Biotransformation in the liver
Excretion
removal of metabolic waste (by kidney in urine)