NURS 6015 LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
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what are the two priority assessments that need to be completed before
administering morphine?
BP, RR
what are the two critical adverse effects to watch for when a patient receives
morphine?
respiratory depression, orthostatic hypotension
what are two ways to ensure patient safety while on morphine?
have bed rails up and keep bed low, encourage patient to change positions slowly
how do you identify if morphine is working? (2 steps)
perform baseline pain assessment, repeat pain assessment 15-30 minutes after
administration
what medication is kept on hand to reverse morphine?
narcan
when a patient who is a chronic opioid user receives narcan, what can happen to
them?
acute narcotic abstinence syndrome
what are the s/s of acute narcotic abstinence syndrome? (5)
tachycardia, sweating, increased BP, nausea/vomiting, pain
what are the three key contraindications of the ergot alkaloid ergotamine?
pregnancy, coronary artery disease, HTN
what is action of sumatriptan?
binds to serotonin receptors to cause vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels
what is the most common symptom that occurs when taking sumatriptan?
numbness/tingling in hands and feet
what are the three ways to tell clinically that diuretics are working?
increased urine output, decreased edema of lower extremities, decreased weight
what should NOT be selected in "clinical ways to indicate that diuretics are
working?"
lab values
what are the three clinical signs of hypokalemia?
palpitations, muscle cramping, persistant fatigue
what should be included in diabetic patient teaching who starts taking thiazide
(diuretic)?
might need to increase insulin dosing
what are the two critical adverse effects of thiazide (diuretic)?
hypotension, electrolyte imbalance
what should be included in elderly patient teaching for thiazide (diuretic)? (3)
dizziness expected, lower BP, change position slowly
the loop diuretic furosemide affects which three ions?
sodium, potassium, calcium
, the loop diuretic furosemide most affects which ion? how?
potassium, levels fall
what is unique adverse effect of loop diuretic furosemide? what should happen
when the patient reports it?
ototoxicity, stop medication
what is critical drug-drug interaction with loop diuretic furosemide?
aminoglycosides - gentamicin
for lasix (diuretic), what do you teach patient to monitor at home to make sure
diuretic is working?
monitor daily weight and report significant changes to provider
what is the only K sparing diuretic?
spironolactone
what is significant about lab value of spironolactone?
increase of K/hyperkalemia
what are two potential interactions with spironolactone?
K rich foods, ACE inhibitors
what are two clinical adverse effects of spironolactone?
dizziness, irregular heart beats
which diuretic is the osmotic?
mannitol
mannitol (diuretic) makes the tubule highly permeable to water. in what types of
situation is this used? what will happen to the BP? what is common to give after?
emergency situations, BP bottoms out, fluid bolus
which BP med is the ACE inhibitor?
captopril
what are the three key adverse effects of captopril (ACE inhibitor)?
cough, reflex tachycardia (angina, palpitations), renal toxicity
how does captopril (ACE inhibitor) affect renal function? (3) what would this
warrant and what is it called?
decrease UO, increase BUN, increase creatinine, change in dose, renal dosing
what should a patient taking ACE inhibitor captopril be monitored for? (2)
bruising, fatigue
what is the rare/dangerous adverse effect that can occur with captopril (ACE
inhibitor)? what would happen if a patient develops this?
pancytopenia, stop drug
individuals with what four conditions would be considered NOT GOOD
candidates for captopril (ACE inhibitor)?
HF, hypovolemia, decreased sodium levels, professions with excessive sweating
what type of medications should be avoided for patient taking captopril (ACE
inhibitor)?
K sparing diuretic (spironolactone)
patients taking losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker) can have symptoms that
mimic what? what are three common symptoms? what should patient do?
upper respiratory infection, cough fever stuffy nose, report to provider
what should a patient taking diltiazem (calcium channel blocker) avoid
consuming? what can it lead to?
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what are the two priority assessments that need to be completed before
administering morphine?
BP, RR
what are the two critical adverse effects to watch for when a patient receives
morphine?
respiratory depression, orthostatic hypotension
what are two ways to ensure patient safety while on morphine?
have bed rails up and keep bed low, encourage patient to change positions slowly
how do you identify if morphine is working? (2 steps)
perform baseline pain assessment, repeat pain assessment 15-30 minutes after
administration
what medication is kept on hand to reverse morphine?
narcan
when a patient who is a chronic opioid user receives narcan, what can happen to
them?
acute narcotic abstinence syndrome
what are the s/s of acute narcotic abstinence syndrome? (5)
tachycardia, sweating, increased BP, nausea/vomiting, pain
what are the three key contraindications of the ergot alkaloid ergotamine?
pregnancy, coronary artery disease, HTN
what is action of sumatriptan?
binds to serotonin receptors to cause vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels
what is the most common symptom that occurs when taking sumatriptan?
numbness/tingling in hands and feet
what are the three ways to tell clinically that diuretics are working?
increased urine output, decreased edema of lower extremities, decreased weight
what should NOT be selected in "clinical ways to indicate that diuretics are
working?"
lab values
what are the three clinical signs of hypokalemia?
palpitations, muscle cramping, persistant fatigue
what should be included in diabetic patient teaching who starts taking thiazide
(diuretic)?
might need to increase insulin dosing
what are the two critical adverse effects of thiazide (diuretic)?
hypotension, electrolyte imbalance
what should be included in elderly patient teaching for thiazide (diuretic)? (3)
dizziness expected, lower BP, change position slowly
the loop diuretic furosemide affects which three ions?
sodium, potassium, calcium
, the loop diuretic furosemide most affects which ion? how?
potassium, levels fall
what is unique adverse effect of loop diuretic furosemide? what should happen
when the patient reports it?
ototoxicity, stop medication
what is critical drug-drug interaction with loop diuretic furosemide?
aminoglycosides - gentamicin
for lasix (diuretic), what do you teach patient to monitor at home to make sure
diuretic is working?
monitor daily weight and report significant changes to provider
what is the only K sparing diuretic?
spironolactone
what is significant about lab value of spironolactone?
increase of K/hyperkalemia
what are two potential interactions with spironolactone?
K rich foods, ACE inhibitors
what are two clinical adverse effects of spironolactone?
dizziness, irregular heart beats
which diuretic is the osmotic?
mannitol
mannitol (diuretic) makes the tubule highly permeable to water. in what types of
situation is this used? what will happen to the BP? what is common to give after?
emergency situations, BP bottoms out, fluid bolus
which BP med is the ACE inhibitor?
captopril
what are the three key adverse effects of captopril (ACE inhibitor)?
cough, reflex tachycardia (angina, palpitations), renal toxicity
how does captopril (ACE inhibitor) affect renal function? (3) what would this
warrant and what is it called?
decrease UO, increase BUN, increase creatinine, change in dose, renal dosing
what should a patient taking ACE inhibitor captopril be monitored for? (2)
bruising, fatigue
what is the rare/dangerous adverse effect that can occur with captopril (ACE
inhibitor)? what would happen if a patient develops this?
pancytopenia, stop drug
individuals with what four conditions would be considered NOT GOOD
candidates for captopril (ACE inhibitor)?
HF, hypovolemia, decreased sodium levels, professions with excessive sweating
what type of medications should be avoided for patient taking captopril (ACE
inhibitor)?
K sparing diuretic (spironolactone)
patients taking losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker) can have symptoms that
mimic what? what are three common symptoms? what should patient do?
upper respiratory infection, cough fever stuffy nose, report to provider
what should a patient taking diltiazem (calcium channel blocker) avoid
consuming? what can it lead to?
