BLD 402 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Renin
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
It converts Angiotensinogen to angiotensinogen I, released from the kidneys
low renal perfusion pressure
sympathetic nerve
low sodium concentration
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Triggered by release of angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Constricts blood vessels (vasoconstriction) to increase BP
Triggers aldosterone release from adrenal cortex
Stimulates hypothalamus (thirst signal and ADH secretion from pituitary gland)
,Tigered by ACE converting Angiotensin I to II
Aldosterone
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Increases sodium and potassium exchange - sodium retained and potassium excreted
released from adrenal cortex when angiotensin II stimulates it
ADH
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Increases water retention in kidneys
Triggered by hypothalamus when it senses:
increased extracellular osmolarity
blood vessel deflation (hypovolemia)
Decreased BP
Hypothalamus
What are its functions?
When triggered by -
increased extracellular osmolarity
blood vessel deflation (hypovolemia)
Decreased BP
, It will tell body it is thirty and to intake more water
AND release ADH
How are all the hormones related to each other
They are all a part of the RAA system and when either hypothalamus or kidney is triggered a cascade
effect will take place to release hormones and balance the body water levels.
Study Figure 4 on page 11
Define the different compartments into which body water is divided into.
Where is the body water?
Where is the majority of body water?
Intracellular water- 40%
Extracellular water- 20%
Plasma - 5%
Interstitial fluid - 15%
Are the volume of plasma and blood the same or different? Why?
What would happen in an extensive bleeding situation?
The volume of plasma and blood are different because blood has RBCs (hematocrit)
ie) hematocrit is 40% -> total blood 5L -> plasma 3L ->RBC 2L
Blood will not be able to circulate well if volume signal is low.
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Renin
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
It converts Angiotensinogen to angiotensinogen I, released from the kidneys
low renal perfusion pressure
sympathetic nerve
low sodium concentration
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Triggered by release of angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Constricts blood vessels (vasoconstriction) to increase BP
Triggers aldosterone release from adrenal cortex
Stimulates hypothalamus (thirst signal and ADH secretion from pituitary gland)
,Tigered by ACE converting Angiotensin I to II
Aldosterone
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Increases sodium and potassium exchange - sodium retained and potassium excreted
released from adrenal cortex when angiotensin II stimulates it
ADH
What does it do?
What would trigger its secretion?
Increases water retention in kidneys
Triggered by hypothalamus when it senses:
increased extracellular osmolarity
blood vessel deflation (hypovolemia)
Decreased BP
Hypothalamus
What are its functions?
When triggered by -
increased extracellular osmolarity
blood vessel deflation (hypovolemia)
Decreased BP
, It will tell body it is thirty and to intake more water
AND release ADH
How are all the hormones related to each other
They are all a part of the RAA system and when either hypothalamus or kidney is triggered a cascade
effect will take place to release hormones and balance the body water levels.
Study Figure 4 on page 11
Define the different compartments into which body water is divided into.
Where is the body water?
Where is the majority of body water?
Intracellular water- 40%
Extracellular water- 20%
Plasma - 5%
Interstitial fluid - 15%
Are the volume of plasma and blood the same or different? Why?
What would happen in an extensive bleeding situation?
The volume of plasma and blood are different because blood has RBCs (hematocrit)
ie) hematocrit is 40% -> total blood 5L -> plasma 3L ->RBC 2L
Blood will not be able to circulate well if volume signal is low.
