BLD 402 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++

BLD 402 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Follicular cells: _______ T3 and T4 synthesize Colloid: _______ thyroglobulin (T3 and T4) Parafollicular cells: synthesize __________ calcitonin Hypothalamus -- ______ ---- pituitary --- ______ -- thyroid ---- ______ TRH, TSH, T3 and T4 thyroglobulin = _________ rich protein tyrosine Thyroid hormone synthesis process: 1) there is enough dietary _____ in blood flow 2) ____ cells take ____ in 3) _____ cells take amino acids into cell to make _______ 4) _______ catalyze reduction of H2O2 and oxidation of ____ to _______. The _____react with tyrosine of thyroglobulin. 5) Now a mixture of _______ and _______ in thyroglobulin. 6) One phenol group with _____-group (could be ____ or ____) is added to another phenol group with di_____-group. (coupling) 7) ______ of thyroglobulin with T3, T4, ______, _____ will be stored in ____ 8) Thyroglobulin with above come back (________) in the ______ cell when ________ hormone is needed. 9) Lysosomal ______ hydrolyze thyroglobulin into ________, ______, and other AA. 10) Iodide and other amino acids recycled. 11) _______ are secreted from follicular cells. iodide, follicular, iodide, follicular, thyroglobulin, peroxidase, iodide, iodine, iodine, MIT, DIT, iodo, MIT, DIT, iodo, Exocytosis, MIT, DIT, colloid, endocytosis, follicular, proteases, T3, T4, T3 and T4 T4/T3 ratio much more T4 produced (95%) Most of T4 and T3 are bound to ______ when circulating in blood. Which one? protein, TBG (thyroxine binding globulin, about 80%) Conversion of T4 to T3 T4 converted to T3 or rT3 effects of thyroid hormone metabolic, cardiovascular, CNS, GI thyroid GI effects increased motility thyroid CNS effects increased adrenergic activity and sensitivity TSH lab test for thyroid: set with f____ to see overview of thyroid activity distinguishing ____ problem from _______problem monitoring treatment/medication dose (not enough, TSH is ____) T4, primary, secondary, increased Total T3 and T4 test: total of _____ and unbound. can tell how much _________ hormone is made by thyroid. bound, thyroid Free T3 and T4 test: they are the ______ form of hormone. measure what body is sensing: ________ system is sensing free hormone. active, feedback Thyroglobulin test: concentration in blood ______ when thyroid tissue is damaged increase (thyroid) Auto-antibody test: anti-_____ and anti-__________ hormone receptor antibody TPO, thyroid stimulating Thyroid: in order to minimize the number of tests and cost, start with a set of ______ and ________ TSH and fT4 Hypothyroidism Primary: T3/T4 ___ so TSH _____ by feedback decrease, increase Hypothyroidism Congenital -- to prevent cretinism, _____ and _____ in newborn screening TSH, fT4 Hypothyroidism: Acquired dietary deficiency of ________ Disease? _____ Loss of ________ iodine (need it to make T3 and T4, so decreased), Hashimoto thyroiditis, thyroid tissue Hashimoto thyroiditis cause? _______ disease Diagnostic tests? _______ peroxidase, ultrasound: _____ decrease autoimmune disease, anti-thyroid, function tissue Secondary hypothyroidism: T3 and T4 _______ because TSH ______ Pituitary cause: TSH ___ (becau