NCTRC QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT REVIEWED ANSWERS
Retrospective Payment System
Payments based on actual costs incurred after services.
Managed Care Systems
Dominant payment method in health care today. Managed
care systems have shifted the authority of determining the
services the patient needs from the providers of care to
the payers for care.
Medicare
Federal program for individuals 65 and older.
Medicare Part A
Covers hospital, nursing, home health, hospice care.
Medicare Part B
Provides supplemental insurance for outpatient services. It
covers physician services, outpatient services, emergency
department visits, and medical equipment.
Medicaid
State and federal program for low-income individuals.
Section 504 Rehabilitation Act 1973
Prohibits discrimination based on handicap.
Program Accessibility Act
Mandates specific accessibility standards for facilities.
94-142 Law 1975
Ensures free education for handicapped children.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Civil rights law ensuring accommodations for disabilities.
,Advocacy Role
Promotes rights and services for people with disabilities.
Certification
Professional credential indicating qualifications.
Licensure
State government authorization to practice a profession.
Accreditation
Assures quality of educational standards and criteria.
Regionally Accredited
Graduates must come from accredited institutions.
Spina Bifida
Defective closure of spinal canal causing protrusion of
spinal cord. Can cause paralysis & can have an emotional
impact.
Muscular Dystrophy
Progressive, inherited disease, gradual wasting of muscle
tissue. Can lead to wheelchair use, & cause socially
impaired interactions.
Spinal Cord Injuries
The higher up the injury occurs, the greater damage.
Includes loss of sensation below injury.
Multiple Sclerosis
20-40 years of age for onset. Symptoms: muscle spasms,
loss of sensation, bladder control. Physical & emotional
changes.
Cerebral Palsy
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by athetosis
(involuntary motor movement), spasticity, speech
disturbance, poor balance (ataxia), stiffness, non-
progressive: is not degenerative.
Epilepsy
, Seizures; Grand mal, petit mal; convulsions, loss of
consciousness.
TR for Spina Bifida
Wheelchair activities: utilize skills to promote
independence, leisure education, community re-integration
& exercises to strengthen muscles.
TR for Muscular Dystrophy
Maintain muscle tone-promote movement,
accomplishment, exercise, aquatics, assistive devices,
promote creativity through crafts.
TR for Multiple Sclerosis
Social activities, success-oriented, Range of Motion.
TR for Cerebral Palsy
Relaxation, water aerobics, social activities, increases self
confidence.
TR for Epilepsy
Encourage normalization, reduce stress, fears & stigma;
relaxation, community activities, increase locus of control.
Psycho-Analytic Theory
Engaging in play to reduce anxiety. ie: play therapy-
abused child uses doll to master situation.
Catharsis Theory
Play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and
emotions. An outlet for aggression.
Diversion Theory
To amuse ourselves.
Compensation Theory
To play/recreate, to fulfill needs not met at work.
Surplus Energy
To get rid of excess energy.
cervical vertebrae
CORRECT REVIEWED ANSWERS
Retrospective Payment System
Payments based on actual costs incurred after services.
Managed Care Systems
Dominant payment method in health care today. Managed
care systems have shifted the authority of determining the
services the patient needs from the providers of care to
the payers for care.
Medicare
Federal program for individuals 65 and older.
Medicare Part A
Covers hospital, nursing, home health, hospice care.
Medicare Part B
Provides supplemental insurance for outpatient services. It
covers physician services, outpatient services, emergency
department visits, and medical equipment.
Medicaid
State and federal program for low-income individuals.
Section 504 Rehabilitation Act 1973
Prohibits discrimination based on handicap.
Program Accessibility Act
Mandates specific accessibility standards for facilities.
94-142 Law 1975
Ensures free education for handicapped children.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Civil rights law ensuring accommodations for disabilities.
,Advocacy Role
Promotes rights and services for people with disabilities.
Certification
Professional credential indicating qualifications.
Licensure
State government authorization to practice a profession.
Accreditation
Assures quality of educational standards and criteria.
Regionally Accredited
Graduates must come from accredited institutions.
Spina Bifida
Defective closure of spinal canal causing protrusion of
spinal cord. Can cause paralysis & can have an emotional
impact.
Muscular Dystrophy
Progressive, inherited disease, gradual wasting of muscle
tissue. Can lead to wheelchair use, & cause socially
impaired interactions.
Spinal Cord Injuries
The higher up the injury occurs, the greater damage.
Includes loss of sensation below injury.
Multiple Sclerosis
20-40 years of age for onset. Symptoms: muscle spasms,
loss of sensation, bladder control. Physical & emotional
changes.
Cerebral Palsy
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by athetosis
(involuntary motor movement), spasticity, speech
disturbance, poor balance (ataxia), stiffness, non-
progressive: is not degenerative.
Epilepsy
, Seizures; Grand mal, petit mal; convulsions, loss of
consciousness.
TR for Spina Bifida
Wheelchair activities: utilize skills to promote
independence, leisure education, community re-integration
& exercises to strengthen muscles.
TR for Muscular Dystrophy
Maintain muscle tone-promote movement,
accomplishment, exercise, aquatics, assistive devices,
promote creativity through crafts.
TR for Multiple Sclerosis
Social activities, success-oriented, Range of Motion.
TR for Cerebral Palsy
Relaxation, water aerobics, social activities, increases self
confidence.
TR for Epilepsy
Encourage normalization, reduce stress, fears & stigma;
relaxation, community activities, increase locus of control.
Psycho-Analytic Theory
Engaging in play to reduce anxiety. ie: play therapy-
abused child uses doll to master situation.
Catharsis Theory
Play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and
emotions. An outlet for aggression.
Diversion Theory
To amuse ourselves.
Compensation Theory
To play/recreate, to fulfill needs not met at work.
Surplus Energy
To get rid of excess energy.
cervical vertebrae
