BLD 204 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
GRADED A++
Molecules that are recognized as "non-self." Can be endogenous or exogenous.
Antigen (Ag)
Known as immunoglobulin, contains two identical Ag binding sites and has (5)
different types
Antibody (Ab)
3 Professional Antigen Presenting Cells (APC's)
1. Macrophages
2. Dendritic Cells (DC)
3. B-Cells
Function of Dendritic Cells in immune responses and location found
1. Take in Ag and present it to T-Cells in MHC class II.
2. Found in T-Cell zones of lymphoid tissues
Function of Macrophages in immune responses
Phagocytize and present Ag to T-Cells in MHC class II.
Function of B-Cells in immune responses
Recognizes Ag using its B-Cell receptor (BCR), takes it in and process it then presents
it to helper T-Cells in MHC class II
,Which MHC class is this?
Present on all nucleated cells, gives signals to CD8+ T-cells and is composed of
an alpha chain with a beta 2 microglobulin chain.
MHC class I
Which MHC class is this?
Present only on professional APC's, Ag is consumer, process and presented in
these molecules to T-cells, made of 2 equally sized peptide chains and gives
signals to CD4+ T-cells
MHC class II
IgG
1. Makes up 70-80% of plasma Ig
2. Monomeric
3. Diffuses into vasculature
4. Neutralizes toxins and opsinizes bacteria
5. Can cross from mother to baby across the placenta
IgM
1. Largest, pentamer (5 units)
2. Units joined together at Fc fragments by a j chain
3. 10 Ag binding sites which is good for repeating epitopes
4. First Ig seen after an immunization
5. Low binding affinity
IgA
, 1. Found in the mucosa, tears, sweat, mouth, nose, bile, breast milk
2. Dimer help together by a J-chain
3. Stops bacteria and viruses from entering the epithelium
IgE
1. Fc portion binds to receptors on mast cells and causes histamine and leukotriene
release
2. Found in parasitic infections
3. Involved in hypersensitivity (allergies)
IgD
1. Present on some B-cells
2. Helps with Ag recognition/activation along with IgM
Primary lymphoid tissue and function
1. Bone marrow and thymus
2. Area where immune cells differentiate and mature into lymphocytes.
Secondary lymphoid tissue and function
1. Lymph nodes, spleen, MALT and other associated lymphoid tissues (GALT, BALT)
2. Area where adaptive immune responses develop.
T-cells involved in cell mediated immunity
CD8+ (cytotoxic T-cells)
Direct killing of cells and cytokine production
The part of the Ag that is recognized
Epitope
Characteristics of adaptive immunity
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
GRADED A++
Molecules that are recognized as "non-self." Can be endogenous or exogenous.
Antigen (Ag)
Known as immunoglobulin, contains two identical Ag binding sites and has (5)
different types
Antibody (Ab)
3 Professional Antigen Presenting Cells (APC's)
1. Macrophages
2. Dendritic Cells (DC)
3. B-Cells
Function of Dendritic Cells in immune responses and location found
1. Take in Ag and present it to T-Cells in MHC class II.
2. Found in T-Cell zones of lymphoid tissues
Function of Macrophages in immune responses
Phagocytize and present Ag to T-Cells in MHC class II.
Function of B-Cells in immune responses
Recognizes Ag using its B-Cell receptor (BCR), takes it in and process it then presents
it to helper T-Cells in MHC class II
,Which MHC class is this?
Present on all nucleated cells, gives signals to CD8+ T-cells and is composed of
an alpha chain with a beta 2 microglobulin chain.
MHC class I
Which MHC class is this?
Present only on professional APC's, Ag is consumer, process and presented in
these molecules to T-cells, made of 2 equally sized peptide chains and gives
signals to CD4+ T-cells
MHC class II
IgG
1. Makes up 70-80% of plasma Ig
2. Monomeric
3. Diffuses into vasculature
4. Neutralizes toxins and opsinizes bacteria
5. Can cross from mother to baby across the placenta
IgM
1. Largest, pentamer (5 units)
2. Units joined together at Fc fragments by a j chain
3. 10 Ag binding sites which is good for repeating epitopes
4. First Ig seen after an immunization
5. Low binding affinity
IgA
, 1. Found in the mucosa, tears, sweat, mouth, nose, bile, breast milk
2. Dimer help together by a J-chain
3. Stops bacteria and viruses from entering the epithelium
IgE
1. Fc portion binds to receptors on mast cells and causes histamine and leukotriene
release
2. Found in parasitic infections
3. Involved in hypersensitivity (allergies)
IgD
1. Present on some B-cells
2. Helps with Ag recognition/activation along with IgM
Primary lymphoid tissue and function
1. Bone marrow and thymus
2. Area where immune cells differentiate and mature into lymphocytes.
Secondary lymphoid tissue and function
1. Lymph nodes, spleen, MALT and other associated lymphoid tissues (GALT, BALT)
2. Area where adaptive immune responses develop.
T-cells involved in cell mediated immunity
CD8+ (cytotoxic T-cells)
Direct killing of cells and cytokine production
The part of the Ag that is recognized
Epitope
Characteristics of adaptive immunity
