WGU C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership
personality - *answerNNNs *Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's
behavior
Heredity - *answers *Factors determined at conception; one's biological, physiological,
and inherent psychological makeup
personality traits - *answers *Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's
behavior
Big Five model - *answers *A personality assessment model that taps five basic
dimensions
extroversion - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension describing someone who is
sociable, gregarious, and assertive
agreeableness - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that describes someone
who is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting
conscientiousness - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that describes
someone who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized
emotional stability - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that characterizes
someone as calm, self-confident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and
insecure (negative)
openness to experience - *answers *A personality dimension that characterizes
someone in terms of imagination, sensitivity, and curiosity
core self-evaluation - *answers *Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their
capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Machiavellianism - *answers *The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains
emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means
narcissism - *answers *The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-
importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement
self-monitoring - *answers *A personality trait that measures an individual's ability to
adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors
proactive personality - *answers *People who identify opportunities, show initiative,
take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs
,WGU C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership
Other-orientation - *answers *A personality trait that reflects the extent to which
decisions are affected by social influences and concerns vs. our own well-being and
outcomes
values - *answers *Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of
existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of existence (content & intensity)
value system - *answers *A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual's values in
terms of their intensity
terminal values - *answers *Desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person
would like to achieve during his or her lifetime
instrumental values - *answers *Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving
one's terminal values
personality-job fit theory - *answers *A theory that identifies six personality types and
proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines
satisfaction and turnover
person-organization fit - *answers *Argues that people are attracted to and selected by
organizations that match their values, and they leave organizations that are not
compatible with their personalities
power distance - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent to
which a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed
unequally
masculinity - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which
the culture favors traditional masculine work roles of achievement, power, and control.
Societal values are characterized by assertiveness and materialism.
femininity - *answers *A national culture attribute that indicates little differentiation
between male and female roles; a high rating indicates that women are treated as the
equals of men in all aspects of the society.
uncertainty avoidance - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent
to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to
avoid them.
long-term orientation - *answers *A national culture attribute that emphasizes the
future, thrift, and persistence
, WGU C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership
short-term orientation - *answers *A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past
and present, respect for tradition, and fulfillment of social obligations
perception - *answers *A process by which individuals organize and interpret their
sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
perceiver, situation, target - *answers *The factors in these three areas influence
perception
attribution theory - *answers *An attempt to determine whether an individual's behavior
is internally or externally caused
internally caused - *answers *Behaviors are those we believe to be under the personal
control of the individual
externally caused - *answers *Behaviors that we imagine the situation forced the
individual to do
Distinctiveness - *answers *Term for whether an individual displays different behaviors
in different situations
consensus - *answers *Term for when everyone who faces a similar situation
responds/behaves in the same way
consistency - *answers *Term for when a person responds/behaves the same way over
time
fundamental attribution error - *answers *The tendency to underestimate the influence
of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making
judgments about the behavior of others
self-serving bias - *answers *The tendency for individuals to attribute their own
successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors
selective perception - *answers *The tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on
the basis of one's interests, background, experience, and attitudes
halo effect - *answers *The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual
on the basis of a single characteristic
contrast effect - *answers *Evaluation of a person's characteristics that is affected by
comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the
same characteristics
Leadership
personality - *answerNNNs *Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's
behavior
Heredity - *answers *Factors determined at conception; one's biological, physiological,
and inherent psychological makeup
personality traits - *answers *Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's
behavior
Big Five model - *answers *A personality assessment model that taps five basic
dimensions
extroversion - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension describing someone who is
sociable, gregarious, and assertive
agreeableness - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that describes someone
who is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting
conscientiousness - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that describes
someone who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized
emotional stability - *answers *A Big Five personality dimension that characterizes
someone as calm, self-confident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and
insecure (negative)
openness to experience - *answers *A personality dimension that characterizes
someone in terms of imagination, sensitivity, and curiosity
core self-evaluation - *answers *Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their
capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Machiavellianism - *answers *The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains
emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means
narcissism - *answers *The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-
importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement
self-monitoring - *answers *A personality trait that measures an individual's ability to
adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors
proactive personality - *answers *People who identify opportunities, show initiative,
take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs
,WGU C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership
Other-orientation - *answers *A personality trait that reflects the extent to which
decisions are affected by social influences and concerns vs. our own well-being and
outcomes
values - *answers *Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of
existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of existence (content & intensity)
value system - *answers *A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual's values in
terms of their intensity
terminal values - *answers *Desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person
would like to achieve during his or her lifetime
instrumental values - *answers *Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving
one's terminal values
personality-job fit theory - *answers *A theory that identifies six personality types and
proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines
satisfaction and turnover
person-organization fit - *answers *Argues that people are attracted to and selected by
organizations that match their values, and they leave organizations that are not
compatible with their personalities
power distance - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent to
which a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed
unequally
masculinity - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which
the culture favors traditional masculine work roles of achievement, power, and control.
Societal values are characterized by assertiveness and materialism.
femininity - *answers *A national culture attribute that indicates little differentiation
between male and female roles; a high rating indicates that women are treated as the
equals of men in all aspects of the society.
uncertainty avoidance - *answers *A national culture attribute that describes the extent
to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to
avoid them.
long-term orientation - *answers *A national culture attribute that emphasizes the
future, thrift, and persistence
, WGU C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership
short-term orientation - *answers *A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past
and present, respect for tradition, and fulfillment of social obligations
perception - *answers *A process by which individuals organize and interpret their
sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
perceiver, situation, target - *answers *The factors in these three areas influence
perception
attribution theory - *answers *An attempt to determine whether an individual's behavior
is internally or externally caused
internally caused - *answers *Behaviors are those we believe to be under the personal
control of the individual
externally caused - *answers *Behaviors that we imagine the situation forced the
individual to do
Distinctiveness - *answers *Term for whether an individual displays different behaviors
in different situations
consensus - *answers *Term for when everyone who faces a similar situation
responds/behaves in the same way
consistency - *answers *Term for when a person responds/behaves the same way over
time
fundamental attribution error - *answers *The tendency to underestimate the influence
of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making
judgments about the behavior of others
self-serving bias - *answers *The tendency for individuals to attribute their own
successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors
selective perception - *answers *The tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on
the basis of one's interests, background, experience, and attitudes
halo effect - *answers *The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual
on the basis of a single characteristic
contrast effect - *answers *Evaluation of a person's characteristics that is affected by
comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the
same characteristics
