BLD 324 MASTER SET EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE GRADED
A++
generic signs and symptoms of anemia
-pallor
-fatigue/dyspnea
-headaches
-jaundice is hemolytic
-severe: heart palpitations, failure, and death
expected anemia response
accelerated reticulocytosis
regenerative anemia
-accelerated reticulocytosis
-requires healthy bone marrow and raw material for Hgb productions
degenerative anemia
-no accelerated reticulocytosis
-no bone marrow response
lab identification of anemia
decreased Hgb
morphological anemia classification
,-from microscopic appearance
-categorizes conditions
-useful in diagnosis
pathophysical anemia classification
-used by doctors to explain cause
-useful in diagnosis
microcytic
-small cells
-<6 um diameter
-<80 fL MCV
normocytic
-normal cells
-6 to 8 um diameter
-80 to 100 fL MCV
macrocytic
-large cells
->8 um diameter
->100 fL MCV
if the MCV is 80 then the RBCs are
normocytic
if the MCV is 100 then the RBCs are
normocytic
hypochromic
,-pale staining
-increased central pallor
-<32 MCHC
normochromic
-intense staining
-no central pallor
->36 MCHC
if the MCHC is 32 then the RBCs are
normochromic
if the MCHC is 36 then the RBCs are
normochromic
major identifying pathophysiological categories
-whole blood lost from vascular system
-decreased production
-dilutional anemia
-hemolysis
acute whole blood loss
sudden and rapid RBC decrease
chronic whole blood loss
gradual RBC decrease
hemolysis
-extracellular causes: hemolytic transfusion or malarial parasites
-intracellular causes: enzyme deficiency, unstable membranes, or abnormal Hgb
, -if rate of hemolysis and bilirubin production exceeds the liver conjugation/excretion:
jaundice
prehepatic jaundice
-Result of excessive destruction of red blood cells
-yellow
intravascular hemolysis effect on reticulocyte count
reticulocytes count increases several days after acute event or consistently during
chronic event
intramedullary is exception
mechanical hemolysis
-within vessels
-within bone marrow before cells release into blood stream
-in spleen due to stress and rigidity
intramedullary hemolysis
-ineffective erythropoiesis
-cell destruction inside the bone marrow
schistocytes
-RBC pieces
-decreases MCV
-increases RDW
-seen with intravascular hemolysis
intravascular hemolysis effect on plasma
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE GRADED
A++
generic signs and symptoms of anemia
-pallor
-fatigue/dyspnea
-headaches
-jaundice is hemolytic
-severe: heart palpitations, failure, and death
expected anemia response
accelerated reticulocytosis
regenerative anemia
-accelerated reticulocytosis
-requires healthy bone marrow and raw material for Hgb productions
degenerative anemia
-no accelerated reticulocytosis
-no bone marrow response
lab identification of anemia
decreased Hgb
morphological anemia classification
,-from microscopic appearance
-categorizes conditions
-useful in diagnosis
pathophysical anemia classification
-used by doctors to explain cause
-useful in diagnosis
microcytic
-small cells
-<6 um diameter
-<80 fL MCV
normocytic
-normal cells
-6 to 8 um diameter
-80 to 100 fL MCV
macrocytic
-large cells
->8 um diameter
->100 fL MCV
if the MCV is 80 then the RBCs are
normocytic
if the MCV is 100 then the RBCs are
normocytic
hypochromic
,-pale staining
-increased central pallor
-<32 MCHC
normochromic
-intense staining
-no central pallor
->36 MCHC
if the MCHC is 32 then the RBCs are
normochromic
if the MCHC is 36 then the RBCs are
normochromic
major identifying pathophysiological categories
-whole blood lost from vascular system
-decreased production
-dilutional anemia
-hemolysis
acute whole blood loss
sudden and rapid RBC decrease
chronic whole blood loss
gradual RBC decrease
hemolysis
-extracellular causes: hemolytic transfusion or malarial parasites
-intracellular causes: enzyme deficiency, unstable membranes, or abnormal Hgb
, -if rate of hemolysis and bilirubin production exceeds the liver conjugation/excretion:
jaundice
prehepatic jaundice
-Result of excessive destruction of red blood cells
-yellow
intravascular hemolysis effect on reticulocyte count
reticulocytes count increases several days after acute event or consistently during
chronic event
intramedullary is exception
mechanical hemolysis
-within vessels
-within bone marrow before cells release into blood stream
-in spleen due to stress and rigidity
intramedullary hemolysis
-ineffective erythropoiesis
-cell destruction inside the bone marrow
schistocytes
-RBC pieces
-decreases MCV
-increases RDW
-seen with intravascular hemolysis
intravascular hemolysis effect on plasma
