CMSRN Exam Prep 2024/2025

CMSRN Exam Prep 2024/2025 Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - answer-Causes: Mallory-Weiss tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD. Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic. Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm. Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source. Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - answer-Causes: Scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead. Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C. Diagnosis: Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc supplement, liver transplant. Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - answer-Causes: Accidents. 2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and psych patients at risk. Symptoms: Depends on location. Diagnosis: Ultrasound (faster if d/t sharp object), or X-ray. Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, or laparoscopic surgery if large/sharp/dangerous. GI Obstruction (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - answer-Causes: Body tissues causing blockage. Symptoms: Pain, constipation, N/V/D. Diagnosis: Endoscopy, X-ray. Treatment: Antibiotics, colectomy, bowel rest, surgery if hemorrhage