GI Hesi Questions With All Correct Answers
The nurse evaluates that dietary teaching for a client with a colostomy is
effective when the client states, "It is important that I eat: correct answer -
Clients with a colostomy can eat a regular diet; only gas-forming foods that
cause distention and discomfort should be avoided.
A client had surgery for a perforated appendix with localized peritonitis. In
which position should the nurse place this client? correct answer -Semi-
Fowler. The semi-Fowler position aids in localizing drainage to the lower
abdominal cavity and prevents the spread of infection throughout the
abdominal cavity.
A nurse is caring for a client with a hiatal hernia. Which risk factor is
associated most commonly with this diagnosis? correct answer -Obesity.
Obesity causes stress on the diaphragmatic musculature, which weakens and
allows the stomach to protrude into the thoracic cavity.
A nurse evaluates that a client understands appropriately how to take the
antacids prescribed by the primary health care provider when the client
states, "I will take my antacids: correct answer -30 mins after meals.
Antacids are most effective when taken after digestion has started but before
the stomach begins to empty. Antacids should be taken before the onset of
pain; pain indicates that gastric irritation has begun, and the aim of treatment
is to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa.
A client with a diagnosis of gastric cancer has a gastric resection with a
vagotomy. Which clinical response should alert the nurse that the client is
experiencing dumping syndrome? correct answer -Reactive hypoglycemia.
Rapid gastric emptying that occurs after a gastric resection causes rapid
elevation of blood glucose followed by increased insulin secretion, resulting in
reactive hypoglycemia.
A client has an excision of a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. What should
the nurse teach the client to use when cleaning the anus after a bowel
movement? correct answer -Witch hazel-moistened pads (Tucks) are not
irritating and are soothing to the anal mucosa.
, After a gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II) for cancer of the stomach, a client
progresses to a regular diet. After eating lunch, the client becomes diaphoretic
and has palpitations. What does the nurse conclude is the probable cause of
these clinical manifestations? correct answer -Extracellular fluid shift into
the bowel. Hypertonic food increases osmotic pressure and pulls fluid from
the intravascular compartment into the intestine (dumping syndrome).
A client with the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis has surgery for the creation of
an ileostomy. Postoperatively, for which potential life-threatening
complication should the nurse assess the client? correct answer -E-lyte
imbalances. An ileostomy directs liquid feces out of the body, bypassing the
large intestine where fluid and electrolytes normally are reabsorbed. The
continuous excretion of liquid feces may deplete the body of fluid and
electrolytes, resulting in a life-threatening fluid deficit and electrolyte
imbalance.
A client with an acute episode of ulcerative colitis is admitted to the hospital.
Blood studies reveal that the chloride level is low. The nurse expects that the
electrolyte deficiency will be corrected by: correct answer -Intravenous
therapy ensures a well-controlled technique for electrolyte (chloride)
replacement.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who had a gastrectomy. What early
client response indicates that peristalsis has returned? correct answer -
The presence of borborygmi indicates the return of peristalsis.
An emergency department nurse assesses an older client who reports
cramping pain in the left lower quadrant, weakness, bloating, and malaise. The
client also has a low-grade fever. Which condition does the nurse suspect as
the most likely cause of the client's clinical findings? correct answer -
Although diverticula can occur at any point within the gastrointestinal tract,
they are most common in the sigmoid colon; therefore, pain associated with
diverticulitis occurs in the left lower quadrant.
The nurse teaches a client that the client's new sigmoid colostomy should be
irrigated when the: correct answer -Once stool is formed, peristalsis needs
to be stimulated to promote the passage of the stool
The nurse evaluates that dietary teaching for a client with a colostomy is
effective when the client states, "It is important that I eat: correct answer -
Clients with a colostomy can eat a regular diet; only gas-forming foods that
cause distention and discomfort should be avoided.
A client had surgery for a perforated appendix with localized peritonitis. In
which position should the nurse place this client? correct answer -Semi-
Fowler. The semi-Fowler position aids in localizing drainage to the lower
abdominal cavity and prevents the spread of infection throughout the
abdominal cavity.
A nurse is caring for a client with a hiatal hernia. Which risk factor is
associated most commonly with this diagnosis? correct answer -Obesity.
Obesity causes stress on the diaphragmatic musculature, which weakens and
allows the stomach to protrude into the thoracic cavity.
A nurse evaluates that a client understands appropriately how to take the
antacids prescribed by the primary health care provider when the client
states, "I will take my antacids: correct answer -30 mins after meals.
Antacids are most effective when taken after digestion has started but before
the stomach begins to empty. Antacids should be taken before the onset of
pain; pain indicates that gastric irritation has begun, and the aim of treatment
is to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa.
A client with a diagnosis of gastric cancer has a gastric resection with a
vagotomy. Which clinical response should alert the nurse that the client is
experiencing dumping syndrome? correct answer -Reactive hypoglycemia.
Rapid gastric emptying that occurs after a gastric resection causes rapid
elevation of blood glucose followed by increased insulin secretion, resulting in
reactive hypoglycemia.
A client has an excision of a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. What should
the nurse teach the client to use when cleaning the anus after a bowel
movement? correct answer -Witch hazel-moistened pads (Tucks) are not
irritating and are soothing to the anal mucosa.
, After a gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II) for cancer of the stomach, a client
progresses to a regular diet. After eating lunch, the client becomes diaphoretic
and has palpitations. What does the nurse conclude is the probable cause of
these clinical manifestations? correct answer -Extracellular fluid shift into
the bowel. Hypertonic food increases osmotic pressure and pulls fluid from
the intravascular compartment into the intestine (dumping syndrome).
A client with the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis has surgery for the creation of
an ileostomy. Postoperatively, for which potential life-threatening
complication should the nurse assess the client? correct answer -E-lyte
imbalances. An ileostomy directs liquid feces out of the body, bypassing the
large intestine where fluid and electrolytes normally are reabsorbed. The
continuous excretion of liquid feces may deplete the body of fluid and
electrolytes, resulting in a life-threatening fluid deficit and electrolyte
imbalance.
A client with an acute episode of ulcerative colitis is admitted to the hospital.
Blood studies reveal that the chloride level is low. The nurse expects that the
electrolyte deficiency will be corrected by: correct answer -Intravenous
therapy ensures a well-controlled technique for electrolyte (chloride)
replacement.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who had a gastrectomy. What early
client response indicates that peristalsis has returned? correct answer -
The presence of borborygmi indicates the return of peristalsis.
An emergency department nurse assesses an older client who reports
cramping pain in the left lower quadrant, weakness, bloating, and malaise. The
client also has a low-grade fever. Which condition does the nurse suspect as
the most likely cause of the client's clinical findings? correct answer -
Although diverticula can occur at any point within the gastrointestinal tract,
they are most common in the sigmoid colon; therefore, pain associated with
diverticulitis occurs in the left lower quadrant.
The nurse teaches a client that the client's new sigmoid colostomy should be
irrigated when the: correct answer -Once stool is formed, peristalsis needs
to be stimulated to promote the passage of the stool
