BIOL371 EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
How does can respiratory mediums for aquatic animals keep them warm?
will breathe air since it has a higher oxygen content, which allows for a high metabolic
rate
air is also a poor conductor of heat, allowing for less heat loss by respiratory systems
Why don't aquatic animals demonstrate allometric growth?
aquatic animals are not limited by gravity, water supports their body mass
do not need longer limbs to support body
Why would terrestrial animals return to the water? AKA What are benefits of
aquatic life!
water supports the body
desiccation is a lesser threat
stable and mild temperatures in water <- water is a good heat conductor
metabolic waste released into water
sound transmits well from water to body
Heterotherm
allows to variable body temperature with environment
What are endoskeletons composed of?
endoskeleton is composed of bone and cartilage
How do terrestrial vertebrates sense hearing, direction, and acceleration?
, Specialized organs located in inner ear
Where are tetrapods/mammals hearing structures? How does it happen?
middle-ear bone transform large-amplitude eardrum vibrations from air to low-amplitude
high-force vibrations that produce waves in the fluid-filled cochlea
Hearing in fish?
Inner ear can pick up vibrations through tissues
hyomandibular bone suspends lower jaw
Evaporation - Heat exchange
Heat is lost to environment - effective
Energy is consumed when liquid is converted into gas
exchange mechanism used by ectotherms to thermoregulate
What is a requirement for chemosensory organs in terrestrial animals? Why?
Give examples
Require surface to be wet to adsorb air-borne chemical particles
Insects have minute channels lined with moist adsorptive tissue
Terrestrial vertebrates have moist olfactory epithelium and taste buds in oral cavity
Hearing in insects?
tympanal organs - air on both sides, nerves pick up vibrations
What are the functions (5) of hard skeletons (internal and external)?
body mass support
attachement for muscles
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
How does can respiratory mediums for aquatic animals keep them warm?
will breathe air since it has a higher oxygen content, which allows for a high metabolic
rate
air is also a poor conductor of heat, allowing for less heat loss by respiratory systems
Why don't aquatic animals demonstrate allometric growth?
aquatic animals are not limited by gravity, water supports their body mass
do not need longer limbs to support body
Why would terrestrial animals return to the water? AKA What are benefits of
aquatic life!
water supports the body
desiccation is a lesser threat
stable and mild temperatures in water <- water is a good heat conductor
metabolic waste released into water
sound transmits well from water to body
Heterotherm
allows to variable body temperature with environment
What are endoskeletons composed of?
endoskeleton is composed of bone and cartilage
How do terrestrial vertebrates sense hearing, direction, and acceleration?
, Specialized organs located in inner ear
Where are tetrapods/mammals hearing structures? How does it happen?
middle-ear bone transform large-amplitude eardrum vibrations from air to low-amplitude
high-force vibrations that produce waves in the fluid-filled cochlea
Hearing in fish?
Inner ear can pick up vibrations through tissues
hyomandibular bone suspends lower jaw
Evaporation - Heat exchange
Heat is lost to environment - effective
Energy is consumed when liquid is converted into gas
exchange mechanism used by ectotherms to thermoregulate
What is a requirement for chemosensory organs in terrestrial animals? Why?
Give examples
Require surface to be wet to adsorb air-borne chemical particles
Insects have minute channels lined with moist adsorptive tissue
Terrestrial vertebrates have moist olfactory epithelium and taste buds in oral cavity
Hearing in insects?
tympanal organs - air on both sides, nerves pick up vibrations
What are the functions (5) of hard skeletons (internal and external)?
body mass support
attachement for muscles
