BIOL371 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Darwin's naturalisation hypothesis
that closely related species are LESS likely to be invasive
Darwin's conundrum
whether species are more or less likely to be successful when closely related:
competition vs preadaptation
why might species be more successful when closely related?
- use the same pollinator
- similar symbiotic relationships
- hybrid vigour
- preadaptive traits
why might species be less successful when closely related?
- competitive exclusion
- niche already occupied
- already natural predators
- hybrids may have lower fitness
definition of invasive species
a species which invades a habitat and grows without limit, causing changes in the
community and ecosystem
definition of alien species
, non-native but not harmful
how might bottlenecks reduce variation?
- loss of genetic variation
- linkage disequilibrium (how much an allele of one genetic variant is correlated with an
allele of a nearby genetic variant)
even so, some species show rapid evolution
evolutionary processes promoting rapid evolution
- standing genetic variation
- bottleneck
- new selection pressures
- polyploidy (extensive and rapid genome restructuring can occur after polyploidization)
- hybridisation/introgression
- plasticity and epigenetics
- migration
- strong selection
- gene flow
- admixture
novel weapons hypothesis
alien species having a competitive advantage eg by having allelopathy that kills plants
around them; in a new place the surrounding plants haven't adapted against that
what community attributes predict invasion success?
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Darwin's naturalisation hypothesis
that closely related species are LESS likely to be invasive
Darwin's conundrum
whether species are more or less likely to be successful when closely related:
competition vs preadaptation
why might species be more successful when closely related?
- use the same pollinator
- similar symbiotic relationships
- hybrid vigour
- preadaptive traits
why might species be less successful when closely related?
- competitive exclusion
- niche already occupied
- already natural predators
- hybrids may have lower fitness
definition of invasive species
a species which invades a habitat and grows without limit, causing changes in the
community and ecosystem
definition of alien species
, non-native but not harmful
how might bottlenecks reduce variation?
- loss of genetic variation
- linkage disequilibrium (how much an allele of one genetic variant is correlated with an
allele of a nearby genetic variant)
even so, some species show rapid evolution
evolutionary processes promoting rapid evolution
- standing genetic variation
- bottleneck
- new selection pressures
- polyploidy (extensive and rapid genome restructuring can occur after polyploidization)
- hybridisation/introgression
- plasticity and epigenetics
- migration
- strong selection
- gene flow
- admixture
novel weapons hypothesis
alien species having a competitive advantage eg by having allelopathy that kills plants
around them; in a new place the surrounding plants haven't adapted against that
what community attributes predict invasion success?
