BIOL385 MARINE BIOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
[Microbial Diversity]
What are microbes?
Single celled organisms.
Do microbes hold the most mass of life on earth?
Yes.
Are microbes always single celled?
If NOT, what are exceptions?
No.
Some microbes can merge and become multicellular.
What were the first living organisms to develop?
Microbes.
What is the difference between producers and decomposers?
Producers harvest abiotic elements.
Decomposers harvest biotic elements.
Where is most carbon stored?
,Oceans.
What ability did microbes acquire to allow for diversity and evolution?
Became able to produce oxygen via photosynthesis.
Where did the first microbes come from?
The ocean.
What are the five types of microbes we discussed in class?
Archaea.
Bacteria.
Diatoms.
Dinoflagellates.
Zooxanthellae.
Are archaea considered animals or plants?
Why?
Animals.
Presence of histones and unique gene expression.
Are archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic.
,Do they have membrane bound organelles?
No.
What environments can archaea thrive in?
Because of it, what are they considered to be?
Hydrothermal vents and geysers.
Extremophiles and thermophiles.
What ability to bacteria have?
Able to break down organic matter forming detritus.
What are the most important marine bacteria?
Cyanobacteria.
Are cyanobacteria photosynthetic?
Yes.
What ability does cyanobacteria possess?
Can congregate and form stromatolites.
What are stromatolites?
Massive calcareous mounds formed by cyanobacteria.
Are diatoms photosynthetic?
Yes.
What chlorophylls do diatoms use?
Chlorophyll A and C.
, What are carotenoids?
Are diatoms carotenoids?
Class of mainly yellow or orange pigments that are in plants.
Yes.
What type of protection do diatoms have?
What are they made of?
Have shells called frustule.
Made of silica.
What is the formation of the shell?
Are they symmetric or asymmetric?
Includes a lower hypotheca and an upper epitheca.
Asymmetric.
Does the epitheca or hypotheca ALWAYS act as the covering?
Epitheca.
Do the epitheca and hypotheca switch during each reproduction?
Yes.
Do diatoms prefer to mate sexually or asexually?
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
[Microbial Diversity]
What are microbes?
Single celled organisms.
Do microbes hold the most mass of life on earth?
Yes.
Are microbes always single celled?
If NOT, what are exceptions?
No.
Some microbes can merge and become multicellular.
What were the first living organisms to develop?
Microbes.
What is the difference between producers and decomposers?
Producers harvest abiotic elements.
Decomposers harvest biotic elements.
Where is most carbon stored?
,Oceans.
What ability did microbes acquire to allow for diversity and evolution?
Became able to produce oxygen via photosynthesis.
Where did the first microbes come from?
The ocean.
What are the five types of microbes we discussed in class?
Archaea.
Bacteria.
Diatoms.
Dinoflagellates.
Zooxanthellae.
Are archaea considered animals or plants?
Why?
Animals.
Presence of histones and unique gene expression.
Are archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic.
,Do they have membrane bound organelles?
No.
What environments can archaea thrive in?
Because of it, what are they considered to be?
Hydrothermal vents and geysers.
Extremophiles and thermophiles.
What ability to bacteria have?
Able to break down organic matter forming detritus.
What are the most important marine bacteria?
Cyanobacteria.
Are cyanobacteria photosynthetic?
Yes.
What ability does cyanobacteria possess?
Can congregate and form stromatolites.
What are stromatolites?
Massive calcareous mounds formed by cyanobacteria.
Are diatoms photosynthetic?
Yes.
What chlorophylls do diatoms use?
Chlorophyll A and C.
, What are carotenoids?
Are diatoms carotenoids?
Class of mainly yellow or orange pigments that are in plants.
Yes.
What type of protection do diatoms have?
What are they made of?
Have shells called frustule.
Made of silica.
What is the formation of the shell?
Are they symmetric or asymmetric?
Includes a lower hypotheca and an upper epitheca.
Asymmetric.
Does the epitheca or hypotheca ALWAYS act as the covering?
Epitheca.
Do the epitheca and hypotheca switch during each reproduction?
Yes.
Do diatoms prefer to mate sexually or asexually?
