CSD 146 NEW EXAM WITH ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Communication - ANSWER Process of sharing information between two or more
people
4 Processes of Communication - ANSWER 1. Formulation
2. Transmission
3. Reception
4. Comprehension
Formulation - ANSWER Getting thoughts and ideas together; involves language
Transmission - ANSWER Conveying thoughts and ideas to another person, often by
speech; involves speech
Reception - ANSWER Receiving information from another person; involves hearing
Comprehension - ANSWER Making sense of the information; involves language
3 Components of Communication - ANSWER 1. Language is the cognitive process of
forming thoughts and ideas
2. Speech is the neuromuscular process of turning language into a sound signal
3. Hearing is the perception of sound, or in communication, the perception of speech
Language - ANSWER Is a socially shared code that uses an elaborate system of rules
and symbols, including sounds and words, to represent ideas to others.
,3 Domains of Language - ANSWER 1. Content (Semantics) - text
2. Form (syntax, morphology, and phonology)
3. Use (pragmatics)
Content (Semantics) - ANSWER Rules for the meaning of words and word
combinations
Form (syntax, morphology, and phonology) - ANSWER Syntax is the rules for the
internal organization of sentences.
Morphology is the rules for the internal organization of words.
Phonology is the rules for the sounds, or phonemes, in syllables and words.
Use (pragmatics) - ANSWER Rules for social use of language. It is organizing language
for conversation and knowing what to say and when and how to say it.
Speech - ANSWER The neuromuscular process that allows people to express language
through voice that involves the activation of muscles in the respiration, phonation and
articulation system. The lungs supply the power for the vocal chords to vibrate and
through articulation it changes the sound into a fine tune.
3 Muscles Activated During Speech - ANSWER 1. Respiration (Lungs, Windpipe -
power)
2. Phonation (Vocal folds)
3. Articulation (Tongue Teeth, Jaw)
4 Components for Normal Speech - ANSWER 1. Breath Support
2. Voice
3. Articulation
4. Fluency
,Voice - ANSWER The use of the vocal folds and breathing to produce sounds. Voice
quality, volume and pitch can affect speech.
Articulation - ANSWER How speech sounds are produced. Sounds must be produced
accurately and consistently for effective speech.
Fluency - ANSWER The rhythm of the speech. Fluent speech is produced easily and
smoothly, without hesitations, interjections, repetitions, or circumlocutions.
Communication Disorders - ANSWER A person who has significant difficulty forming,
transmitting, receiving, or comprehending messages compared with others. A variation
within a linguistic community.
Communication Differences - ANSWER A variation between linguistic communities.
3 Categories of Communication Disorder - ANSWER 1. Language Disorder
2. Speech Disorder
3. Hearing Disorder
Language Disorder - ANSWER Child & Adult language disorders, reading disabilities.
Affect semantics, syntax, morphology, phonology, and/or pragmatics.
Speech Disorder - ANSWER Articulation and phonological disorders (Distortions,
substitutions, and omissions of speech sounds because of structural, articulatory, or
perceptual problems), fluency disorders (Repetitions, prolongations, and blocks during
speech), voice disorders (Difficulties with voice production), and motor speech
disorders (Distortions, substitutions, and omissions of speech sounds because of
neurological problems). Affect respiration, phonation, and articulation.
Hearing Disorder - ANSWER Sensorineural hearing loss (Permanent hearing loss;
affects the inner ear or the auditory nerve that connects the inner ear to the brain),
, Conductive hearing loss (Temporary hearing loss; affects the outer or middle ear),
Auditory process disorder (Affects the processing of speech sounds in the auditory
center in the brain). Affect auditory pathways from the ear to the brain
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) - ANSWER SLPs treat people with speech,
language, hearing, and feeding and swallowing disorders
SLP Certified by American Speech-Language and Hearing Association (ASHA) -
ANSWER - SLPs have masters degrees
- 2 years of training in diagnosing and treating speech, language, and swallowing
disorders
- 400 hours of supervised clinical field work
- National examination in speech-language pathology
- A supervised 9-month clinical fellowship
- They use the credentials, CCC-SLP (Certificate of Clinical Competence in
Speech-Language Pathology)
SLP Roles - ANSWER - They prevent and screen for communication disorders.
- They assess for and diagnose communication disorders.
- They treat and manage communication disorders.
- They also advocate on behalf of people with communication disorders.
SLP Work Setting - ANSWER Public and private schools
Hospitals
Rehabilitation facilities
Home health agencies
Community and university clinics
Private practices
Group homes
CORRECT ANSWERS
Communication - ANSWER Process of sharing information between two or more
people
4 Processes of Communication - ANSWER 1. Formulation
2. Transmission
3. Reception
4. Comprehension
Formulation - ANSWER Getting thoughts and ideas together; involves language
Transmission - ANSWER Conveying thoughts and ideas to another person, often by
speech; involves speech
Reception - ANSWER Receiving information from another person; involves hearing
Comprehension - ANSWER Making sense of the information; involves language
3 Components of Communication - ANSWER 1. Language is the cognitive process of
forming thoughts and ideas
2. Speech is the neuromuscular process of turning language into a sound signal
3. Hearing is the perception of sound, or in communication, the perception of speech
Language - ANSWER Is a socially shared code that uses an elaborate system of rules
and symbols, including sounds and words, to represent ideas to others.
,3 Domains of Language - ANSWER 1. Content (Semantics) - text
2. Form (syntax, morphology, and phonology)
3. Use (pragmatics)
Content (Semantics) - ANSWER Rules for the meaning of words and word
combinations
Form (syntax, morphology, and phonology) - ANSWER Syntax is the rules for the
internal organization of sentences.
Morphology is the rules for the internal organization of words.
Phonology is the rules for the sounds, or phonemes, in syllables and words.
Use (pragmatics) - ANSWER Rules for social use of language. It is organizing language
for conversation and knowing what to say and when and how to say it.
Speech - ANSWER The neuromuscular process that allows people to express language
through voice that involves the activation of muscles in the respiration, phonation and
articulation system. The lungs supply the power for the vocal chords to vibrate and
through articulation it changes the sound into a fine tune.
3 Muscles Activated During Speech - ANSWER 1. Respiration (Lungs, Windpipe -
power)
2. Phonation (Vocal folds)
3. Articulation (Tongue Teeth, Jaw)
4 Components for Normal Speech - ANSWER 1. Breath Support
2. Voice
3. Articulation
4. Fluency
,Voice - ANSWER The use of the vocal folds and breathing to produce sounds. Voice
quality, volume and pitch can affect speech.
Articulation - ANSWER How speech sounds are produced. Sounds must be produced
accurately and consistently for effective speech.
Fluency - ANSWER The rhythm of the speech. Fluent speech is produced easily and
smoothly, without hesitations, interjections, repetitions, or circumlocutions.
Communication Disorders - ANSWER A person who has significant difficulty forming,
transmitting, receiving, or comprehending messages compared with others. A variation
within a linguistic community.
Communication Differences - ANSWER A variation between linguistic communities.
3 Categories of Communication Disorder - ANSWER 1. Language Disorder
2. Speech Disorder
3. Hearing Disorder
Language Disorder - ANSWER Child & Adult language disorders, reading disabilities.
Affect semantics, syntax, morphology, phonology, and/or pragmatics.
Speech Disorder - ANSWER Articulation and phonological disorders (Distortions,
substitutions, and omissions of speech sounds because of structural, articulatory, or
perceptual problems), fluency disorders (Repetitions, prolongations, and blocks during
speech), voice disorders (Difficulties with voice production), and motor speech
disorders (Distortions, substitutions, and omissions of speech sounds because of
neurological problems). Affect respiration, phonation, and articulation.
Hearing Disorder - ANSWER Sensorineural hearing loss (Permanent hearing loss;
affects the inner ear or the auditory nerve that connects the inner ear to the brain),
, Conductive hearing loss (Temporary hearing loss; affects the outer or middle ear),
Auditory process disorder (Affects the processing of speech sounds in the auditory
center in the brain). Affect auditory pathways from the ear to the brain
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) - ANSWER SLPs treat people with speech,
language, hearing, and feeding and swallowing disorders
SLP Certified by American Speech-Language and Hearing Association (ASHA) -
ANSWER - SLPs have masters degrees
- 2 years of training in diagnosing and treating speech, language, and swallowing
disorders
- 400 hours of supervised clinical field work
- National examination in speech-language pathology
- A supervised 9-month clinical fellowship
- They use the credentials, CCC-SLP (Certificate of Clinical Competence in
Speech-Language Pathology)
SLP Roles - ANSWER - They prevent and screen for communication disorders.
- They assess for and diagnose communication disorders.
- They treat and manage communication disorders.
- They also advocate on behalf of people with communication disorders.
SLP Work Setting - ANSWER Public and private schools
Hospitals
Rehabilitation facilities
Home health agencies
Community and university clinics
Private practices
Group homes
