SANS 401 GSEC Exam QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Network Topology - ANSWER>>The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Logical Topology - ANSWER>>Gives the description for the physical layout,
shows VLAN's and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port - ANSWER>>Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems - ANSWER>>Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber,
copper, etc)
Broadband - ANSWER>>Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a
medium
Ethernet - ANSWER>>Designed as baseband system that can be used in
multiplexing
CSMA/CD - ANSWER>>Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast - ANSWER>>Broadcast for a single device
Multicast - ANSWER>>Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast - ANSWER>>Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub - ANSWER>>Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch - ANSWER>>Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
,Content Addressable Memory (CAM) - ANSWER>>Is a table that contains the
MAC address and port associated to that MAC Address
Virtual LAN (VLAN) - ANSWER>>Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only
talk to certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) - ANSWER>>A different way of switching
packets that can be used on a dedicated line
802.1x - ANSWER>>Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when - ANSWER>>There is a change
in trust level in the network
Protocol - ANSWER>>is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7) - ANSWER>>Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Makes data presentable to the
application or user (ASCII)
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Handles the establishment/maintenance
of connections between systems
, Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Determines that application the packet
should be sent to through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Moving packets from one network to
another network, uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Takes a packet and frames it suitable for
transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4) - ANSWER>>Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ANSWER>>10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ANSWER>>10.1.2.255
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.N.H.H, 255.255.0.0 -
128-191
172.16.0.0/16
65,536 IP's
Class C CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.N.N.H, 255.255.255.0 -
192-223
192.168.1.0/24
ANSWERS
Network Topology - ANSWER>>The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Logical Topology - ANSWER>>Gives the description for the physical layout,
shows VLAN's and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port - ANSWER>>Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems - ANSWER>>Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber,
copper, etc)
Broadband - ANSWER>>Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a
medium
Ethernet - ANSWER>>Designed as baseband system that can be used in
multiplexing
CSMA/CD - ANSWER>>Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast - ANSWER>>Broadcast for a single device
Multicast - ANSWER>>Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast - ANSWER>>Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub - ANSWER>>Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch - ANSWER>>Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
,Content Addressable Memory (CAM) - ANSWER>>Is a table that contains the
MAC address and port associated to that MAC Address
Virtual LAN (VLAN) - ANSWER>>Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only
talk to certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) - ANSWER>>A different way of switching
packets that can be used on a dedicated line
802.1x - ANSWER>>Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when - ANSWER>>There is a change
in trust level in the network
Protocol - ANSWER>>is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7) - ANSWER>>Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Makes data presentable to the
application or user (ASCII)
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Handles the establishment/maintenance
of connections between systems
, Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Determines that application the packet
should be sent to through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Moving packets from one network to
another network, uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Takes a packet and frames it suitable for
transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack - ANSWER>>Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4) - ANSWER>>Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ANSWER>>10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ANSWER>>10.1.2.255
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.N.H.H, 255.255.0.0 -
128-191
172.16.0.0/16
65,536 IP's
Class C CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) - ANSWER>>N.N.N.H, 255.255.255.0 -
192-223
192.168.1.0/24
