GIANNA Final Exam WITH LEGIT
QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED
ANSWERS(NEW!!!)(NEW!!!)
What is science? (4 features of the scientific method) - ANSWER>>>1. Empirical
2. Deterministic
3. Predictive
4. Parsimonious
What does empirical mean? - ANSWER>>>Based on data.
What does deterministic mean? - ANSWER>>>Obeys the laws of physics.
What does parsimonious mean? - ANSWER>>>Can be explained in simple terms.
How many semitones are in one octave? - ANSWER>>>12
How many semitones are in two octaves? - ANSWER>>>24
If you want to go up one octave, you ______ the frequency. But if you want to
go down an octave, you _____ the frequency. - ANSWER>>>Double, halve
You should sample at ______ the rate of the highest frequency. -
ANSWER>>>Two times
Example sampling: If the data is 5 kHz, you should sample at ______ kHz. -
ANSWER>>>10 kHz
What is the definition of Nyquist Frequency? - ANSWER>>>The minimum rate at
which a signal can be sampled without introducing errors, which is twice the
highest frequency present in the signal (half the sampling rate).
,How does sampling rate relate to playback quality? - ANSWER>>>The more
samples you take, the better chance you have of representing the original
signal.
A high pass filter _______. - ANSWER>>>Only allows high frequencies to pass
through.
A low pass filter _________. - ANSWER>>>Only allows low frequencies to pass
through.
A band pass filter ________. - ANSWER>>>Allows a band of frequencies to pass
through.
A band reject filter ________. - ANSWER>>>Rejects or attenuates a band of
frequencies, but allows high and low frequencies to pass through.
What does a Fourier transform do? - ANSWER>>>Creates a spectrum from the
time domain waveform (deconstructs the waveform).
What is the cake analogy for a Fourier transform? - ANSWER>>>The process is
like analyzing a cake to learn its ingredients.
An FTT (Fast Fourier transform) line spectrum is best suited for _________. -
ANSWER>>>Showing harmonic energy.
An FTT line spectrum is not so good at _________. - ANSWER>>>Showing
formants.
An LPC (Linear Predictive Coding) line spectrum is best suited for ________. -
ANSWER>>>Revealing formants and showing a spectral envelope.
, An LPC line spectrum is not so good at _______. - ANSWER>>>Showing
individual harmonics.
A line spectrum shows _______. - ANSWER>>>The frequency components of a
periodic sound. It is a snapshot in time.
What are the three dimensions of a 3D spectrogram? - ANSWER>>>Time (x-
axis), frequency (y-axis), intensity
What is the difference between perturbation and modulation? -
ANSWER>>>Perturbation occurs randomly from cycle to cycle. Modulation is
slower and spreads across many cycles.
Jitter is a form of _______. - ANSWER>>>Frequency (duration) perturbation.
Shimmer is a form of ______. - ANSWER>>>Amplitude perturbation.
T/F: Jitter and shimmer always co-occur. - ANSWER>>>True
Perturbation sounds ________. - ANSWER>>>very rapid, rough and hoarse.
Modulation sounds like________. - ANSWER>>>tremor or vocal vibrato.
What are two direct measures of subglottal pressure? - ANSWER>>>1. Tracheal
puncture
2. Esophageal pressure
How can we get a reasonable estimate of subglottal pressure? -
ANSWER>>>Measure intra-oral pressure while the client produces the /pa pa
pa/ sound.
T/F: The intra-oral pressure estimate correlates with the results of a tracheal
puncture? - ANSWER>>>True
QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED
ANSWERS(NEW!!!)(NEW!!!)
What is science? (4 features of the scientific method) - ANSWER>>>1. Empirical
2. Deterministic
3. Predictive
4. Parsimonious
What does empirical mean? - ANSWER>>>Based on data.
What does deterministic mean? - ANSWER>>>Obeys the laws of physics.
What does parsimonious mean? - ANSWER>>>Can be explained in simple terms.
How many semitones are in one octave? - ANSWER>>>12
How many semitones are in two octaves? - ANSWER>>>24
If you want to go up one octave, you ______ the frequency. But if you want to
go down an octave, you _____ the frequency. - ANSWER>>>Double, halve
You should sample at ______ the rate of the highest frequency. -
ANSWER>>>Two times
Example sampling: If the data is 5 kHz, you should sample at ______ kHz. -
ANSWER>>>10 kHz
What is the definition of Nyquist Frequency? - ANSWER>>>The minimum rate at
which a signal can be sampled without introducing errors, which is twice the
highest frequency present in the signal (half the sampling rate).
,How does sampling rate relate to playback quality? - ANSWER>>>The more
samples you take, the better chance you have of representing the original
signal.
A high pass filter _______. - ANSWER>>>Only allows high frequencies to pass
through.
A low pass filter _________. - ANSWER>>>Only allows low frequencies to pass
through.
A band pass filter ________. - ANSWER>>>Allows a band of frequencies to pass
through.
A band reject filter ________. - ANSWER>>>Rejects or attenuates a band of
frequencies, but allows high and low frequencies to pass through.
What does a Fourier transform do? - ANSWER>>>Creates a spectrum from the
time domain waveform (deconstructs the waveform).
What is the cake analogy for a Fourier transform? - ANSWER>>>The process is
like analyzing a cake to learn its ingredients.
An FTT (Fast Fourier transform) line spectrum is best suited for _________. -
ANSWER>>>Showing harmonic energy.
An FTT line spectrum is not so good at _________. - ANSWER>>>Showing
formants.
An LPC (Linear Predictive Coding) line spectrum is best suited for ________. -
ANSWER>>>Revealing formants and showing a spectral envelope.
, An LPC line spectrum is not so good at _______. - ANSWER>>>Showing
individual harmonics.
A line spectrum shows _______. - ANSWER>>>The frequency components of a
periodic sound. It is a snapshot in time.
What are the three dimensions of a 3D spectrogram? - ANSWER>>>Time (x-
axis), frequency (y-axis), intensity
What is the difference between perturbation and modulation? -
ANSWER>>>Perturbation occurs randomly from cycle to cycle. Modulation is
slower and spreads across many cycles.
Jitter is a form of _______. - ANSWER>>>Frequency (duration) perturbation.
Shimmer is a form of ______. - ANSWER>>>Amplitude perturbation.
T/F: Jitter and shimmer always co-occur. - ANSWER>>>True
Perturbation sounds ________. - ANSWER>>>very rapid, rough and hoarse.
Modulation sounds like________. - ANSWER>>>tremor or vocal vibrato.
What are two direct measures of subglottal pressure? - ANSWER>>>1. Tracheal
puncture
2. Esophageal pressure
How can we get a reasonable estimate of subglottal pressure? -
ANSWER>>>Measure intra-oral pressure while the client produces the /pa pa
pa/ sound.
T/F: The intra-oral pressure estimate correlates with the results of a tracheal
puncture? - ANSWER>>>True
