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Hypersensitivities - N5315 Advanced
Pathophysiology Exam Questions With
Correct Answers (Verified And Updated)
A pathological immune response to an antigen which causes tissue and cellular damage to the
host - Answer✔What is a hypersensitivity?
4 types; Types 1-4 - Answer✔How many types of hypersensitivities are there?
It implies an intolerance of our immune system to our own (endogenous) antigens -
Answer✔What does autoimmunity imply?
Implies the formation of antibodies to foreign antigens (exogenous antigens) - Answer✔What
does alloimmunity imply?
The pathologic consequence of autoimmunity - Answer✔What is an Autoimmune Disease?
A pathogen which triggers the immune response - Answer✔What often precipitates autoimmune
disease?
It then turns against our own antigens - Answer✔What happens to the immune response that was
initiated against the pathogen?
The pathologic consequence of alloimmunity - Answer✔What is alloimmune disease?
An immediate hypersensitivity response to an environmental allergen - Answer✔What it Type I
hypersensitivity?
Allergies to food, medication, pollen, etc. - Answer✔What are most Type I hypersensitivity
reactions attributed to?
Minutes to hours from time of exposure - Answer✔How long do Type I hypersensitivity
reactions occur after exposure to the allergen?
Antibody IgE - Answer✔What does the Type I hypersensitivity pathogenesis begin with?
It binds with the allergen - Answer✔What does IgE do upon initial exposure to the allergen?
It primes the stage for a reaction to occur later - Answer✔What does the binding of IgE to the
allergen do?
1|Page
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(dependent on route the allergen entered the body); include urticarial, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and
asthma - Answer✔What are the clinical manifestations of Type I hypersensitivities?
Environmental allergies, asthma exacerbation, food allergies, drug allergies, animal allergies,
and insect venom allergies
Angioedema which causes swelling of lips, eyes, and larynx. (Anaphylaxis is most severe
reaction. Is treated with epinephrine).
Atopic Disorders include hay fever, asthma, eczema, and urticarial. They have strong genetic
disposition. - Answer✔What are some examples of Type I hypersensitivities?
(Antibody mediated or Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity); a reaction which is mediated by antibodies
directed against fixed antigens on the plasma membranes of the cells; it is an IgG and IgM
antibody mediated reaction - Answer✔What is Type II Hypersensitivity?
Binding of IgG and IgM to an antigen on the plasma membrane - Answer✔What does Type II
Hypersensitivity pathogenesis begin with?
It activates complement and it forms the membrane attack complex (MAC) which causes cell
lysis - Answer✔What does the binding of IgG and IgM do?
IgG and C3b may also bind to the antigen and the macrophages and trigger cell lysis through
phagocytosis - Answer✔What else may IgG bind to and what does this do?
Neutrophils to the tissues - Answer✔What do IgG and complement attract?
Neutrophils perform phagocytosis and release granules which cause tissue damage -
Answer✔What do the neutrophils do in Type II hypersensitivities?
They recognize the target cell antigen and release a toxic substance to destroy the target cell -
Answer✔What do NK cells do in Type II hypersensitivities?
They react with the target cell's receptors and prevent the cell from interacting with normal
ligands, replaces the ligand, destroys the receptor or inappropriately stimulates the receptor. -
Answer✔What do antibodies do in Type II hypersensitivities?
ABO incompatibilty and Rh incompatibility - Answer✔What are some examples of Type II
hypersensitivities?
A, B, AB, O - Answer✔What are the 4 blood types?
A antigen - Answer✔A person with Type A blood has what antigen?
B - Answer✔A person with Type A blood has what antibodies?
B antigen - Answer✔A person with Type B blood has what antigen?
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Hypersensitivities - N5315 Advanced
Pathophysiology Exam Questions With
Correct Answers (Verified And Updated)
A pathological immune response to an antigen which causes tissue and cellular damage to the
host - Answer✔What is a hypersensitivity?
4 types; Types 1-4 - Answer✔How many types of hypersensitivities are there?
It implies an intolerance of our immune system to our own (endogenous) antigens -
Answer✔What does autoimmunity imply?
Implies the formation of antibodies to foreign antigens (exogenous antigens) - Answer✔What
does alloimmunity imply?
The pathologic consequence of autoimmunity - Answer✔What is an Autoimmune Disease?
A pathogen which triggers the immune response - Answer✔What often precipitates autoimmune
disease?
It then turns against our own antigens - Answer✔What happens to the immune response that was
initiated against the pathogen?
The pathologic consequence of alloimmunity - Answer✔What is alloimmune disease?
An immediate hypersensitivity response to an environmental allergen - Answer✔What it Type I
hypersensitivity?
Allergies to food, medication, pollen, etc. - Answer✔What are most Type I hypersensitivity
reactions attributed to?
Minutes to hours from time of exposure - Answer✔How long do Type I hypersensitivity
reactions occur after exposure to the allergen?
Antibody IgE - Answer✔What does the Type I hypersensitivity pathogenesis begin with?
It binds with the allergen - Answer✔What does IgE do upon initial exposure to the allergen?
It primes the stage for a reaction to occur later - Answer✔What does the binding of IgE to the
allergen do?
1|Page
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
(dependent on route the allergen entered the body); include urticarial, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and
asthma - Answer✔What are the clinical manifestations of Type I hypersensitivities?
Environmental allergies, asthma exacerbation, food allergies, drug allergies, animal allergies,
and insect venom allergies
Angioedema which causes swelling of lips, eyes, and larynx. (Anaphylaxis is most severe
reaction. Is treated with epinephrine).
Atopic Disorders include hay fever, asthma, eczema, and urticarial. They have strong genetic
disposition. - Answer✔What are some examples of Type I hypersensitivities?
(Antibody mediated or Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity); a reaction which is mediated by antibodies
directed against fixed antigens on the plasma membranes of the cells; it is an IgG and IgM
antibody mediated reaction - Answer✔What is Type II Hypersensitivity?
Binding of IgG and IgM to an antigen on the plasma membrane - Answer✔What does Type II
Hypersensitivity pathogenesis begin with?
It activates complement and it forms the membrane attack complex (MAC) which causes cell
lysis - Answer✔What does the binding of IgG and IgM do?
IgG and C3b may also bind to the antigen and the macrophages and trigger cell lysis through
phagocytosis - Answer✔What else may IgG bind to and what does this do?
Neutrophils to the tissues - Answer✔What do IgG and complement attract?
Neutrophils perform phagocytosis and release granules which cause tissue damage -
Answer✔What do the neutrophils do in Type II hypersensitivities?
They recognize the target cell antigen and release a toxic substance to destroy the target cell -
Answer✔What do NK cells do in Type II hypersensitivities?
They react with the target cell's receptors and prevent the cell from interacting with normal
ligands, replaces the ligand, destroys the receptor or inappropriately stimulates the receptor. -
Answer✔What do antibodies do in Type II hypersensitivities?
ABO incompatibilty and Rh incompatibility - Answer✔What are some examples of Type II
hypersensitivities?
A, B, AB, O - Answer✔What are the 4 blood types?
A antigen - Answer✔A person with Type A blood has what antigen?
B - Answer✔A person with Type A blood has what antibodies?
B antigen - Answer✔A person with Type B blood has what antigen?
2|Page
