CCBC ESSEX BIO 110 FINAL EXAM 2025
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-A testable prediction, often implied
by a theory
theory - CORRECT ANSWER-A hypothesis that has been tested with a
significant amount of data
prokaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of cell lacking a
membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles;
found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
eukaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of cell with a membrane-
enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. Examples of
organisms with these cells are protists, plants, fungi, and animals.
evolution - CORRECT ANSWER-Change in a kind of organism over
time; process by which modern organisms have descended from
ancient organisms.
,vertical descent with modification - CORRECT ANSWER-New Species
evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of mutations -
changes in the genetic material of organisms.
horizontal gene transfer - CORRECT ANSWER-A process in which an
organism incorporates genetic material from another organism
without being the offspring of that organism
genome - CORRECT ANSWER-All of an organism's genetic material.
proteome - CORRECT ANSWER-All of the types and relative amounts
of proteins that are made in a particular cell at a particular time and
under specific conditions
scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER-A logical procedure for
gathering and testing ideas. 1)problem or question arising from an
observation, 2)Hypothesis (unproved assumption), 3) Hypothesis is
tested by an experiment, 4) Analyze and interpret data to get to
conclusion.
inorganic compound - CORRECT ANSWER-Compounds that do not
contain carbon
organic compound - CORRECT ANSWER-Complex molecules
organized around skeletons of carbon atoms arranged in rings or
chains; includes biomolecules, molecules synthesized by living
organisms.
,element - CORRECT ANSWER-A pure substance that cannot be
broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
proton - CORRECT ANSWER-A subatomic particle that has a positive
charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
neutron - CORRECT ANSWER-A subatomic particle that has no charge
and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
electron - CORRECT ANSWER-A tiny, negatively charged particle that
moves around the nucleus of an atom
atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER-Number of protons in an atom
orbitals - CORRECT ANSWER-each orbital holds only 2 electrons;
1s,2s,2p
s orbitals- spherical
p orbitals- dumbbell shaped
atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER-Number of protons and neutrons
isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER-Atoms of the same element that have
different numbers of neutrons.
molecule - CORRECT ANSWER-2 or more atoms held together by
covalent bonds
, compound - CORRECT ANSWER-A substance made up of atoms of
two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
valence electrons - CORRECT ANSWER-Electrons on the outermost
energy level of an atom
octet rule - CORRECT ANSWER-States that atoms lose, gain or share
electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons
Covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-Strongest bonds, occurs between
atoms outer electron shells that are not full
polar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A covalent bond in which
electrons are not shared equally
nonpolar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of covalent bond
in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar
electronegativity.
electronegative - CORRECT ANSWER-electron greedy. oxygen and
nitrogen
hydrogen bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of weak chemical bond
formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent
bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a
polar covalent bond in another molecule.
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-A testable prediction, often implied
by a theory
theory - CORRECT ANSWER-A hypothesis that has been tested with a
significant amount of data
prokaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of cell lacking a
membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles;
found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
eukaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of cell with a membrane-
enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. Examples of
organisms with these cells are protists, plants, fungi, and animals.
evolution - CORRECT ANSWER-Change in a kind of organism over
time; process by which modern organisms have descended from
ancient organisms.
,vertical descent with modification - CORRECT ANSWER-New Species
evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of mutations -
changes in the genetic material of organisms.
horizontal gene transfer - CORRECT ANSWER-A process in which an
organism incorporates genetic material from another organism
without being the offspring of that organism
genome - CORRECT ANSWER-All of an organism's genetic material.
proteome - CORRECT ANSWER-All of the types and relative amounts
of proteins that are made in a particular cell at a particular time and
under specific conditions
scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER-A logical procedure for
gathering and testing ideas. 1)problem or question arising from an
observation, 2)Hypothesis (unproved assumption), 3) Hypothesis is
tested by an experiment, 4) Analyze and interpret data to get to
conclusion.
inorganic compound - CORRECT ANSWER-Compounds that do not
contain carbon
organic compound - CORRECT ANSWER-Complex molecules
organized around skeletons of carbon atoms arranged in rings or
chains; includes biomolecules, molecules synthesized by living
organisms.
,element - CORRECT ANSWER-A pure substance that cannot be
broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
proton - CORRECT ANSWER-A subatomic particle that has a positive
charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
neutron - CORRECT ANSWER-A subatomic particle that has no charge
and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
electron - CORRECT ANSWER-A tiny, negatively charged particle that
moves around the nucleus of an atom
atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER-Number of protons in an atom
orbitals - CORRECT ANSWER-each orbital holds only 2 electrons;
1s,2s,2p
s orbitals- spherical
p orbitals- dumbbell shaped
atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER-Number of protons and neutrons
isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER-Atoms of the same element that have
different numbers of neutrons.
molecule - CORRECT ANSWER-2 or more atoms held together by
covalent bonds
, compound - CORRECT ANSWER-A substance made up of atoms of
two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
valence electrons - CORRECT ANSWER-Electrons on the outermost
energy level of an atom
octet rule - CORRECT ANSWER-States that atoms lose, gain or share
electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons
Covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-Strongest bonds, occurs between
atoms outer electron shells that are not full
polar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A covalent bond in which
electrons are not shared equally
nonpolar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of covalent bond
in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar
electronegativity.
electronegative - CORRECT ANSWER-electron greedy. oxygen and
nitrogen
hydrogen bond - CORRECT ANSWER-A type of weak chemical bond
formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent
bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a
polar covalent bond in another molecule.
