BIOL 2113 QUESTIONS AND ASWERS LATEST UPDATE
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the study of the form, or structure of body parts and of how these parts relate to
one another
Anatomy
Gross/microscopic, developmental
Subdivisions of Anatomy
The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye
Gross
examination of body tissues using a microscope
microscopic
Cytology & Histology
subdivisions of microscopic anatomy
the study of cells of the body
cytology
the study of the tissues of the body
histology
the study of the functioning of the body's structural machinery- how the parts of
the body work and carry out their life-sustaining activities
physiology
the ability to keep the internal environmental separate and distinct from the
external environment
homeostasis
body is erect with feet together and palms facing forward with the thumbs
pointing away from the body
anatomical position
makes up the main axis of the body, consists of the head, neck, and trunk
axial
consists of appendages or limbs
appendicular
-Function always reflects structure
-What a structure can do depends on its specific form
complementarity of structure and function
the human body incorporates many levels of structural complexity
hierarchy of structural organization
keeps the internal environment separate and distinct from the environment
maintenance of boundaries
the ultimate goal of nearly all body systems is to maintain life. requires several
factors acting together for its persistance
survival needs
communications within the body are essential for homeostasis, accomplished
chiefly by the nervous and endocrine systems
, control mechanism
control center; receptor; effector
3 parts of control mechanisms
prevention of sudden severe changes within the body
negative feedback
enhances the original stimulus and the output is accelerated
positive feedback
placement of a body structure along the long axis of the body (divides the body
into upper and lower)
superior/inferior
directional term meaning above something
superior
directional term meaning below something else
inferior
structures or surfaces that face forward (face, chest, abdomen)
anterior
directional term meaning in the back of (backside of the body)
posterior
toward the midline
medial
away from the midline
lateral
toward the head
cephalad
toward the tail
caudal
backside (posterior)
dorsal
belly side (anterior)
ventral
Nearer to the trunk of the body
proximal
Farther from the trunk of the body
distal
toward or at the body surface
superficial
away from the body surface or more internal
deep
runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left parts
sagittal
exactly midline and the parts are symmetrical or equal
midsagittal
all other sagittal planes offset from the midline
parasagittal
runs longitudinally, but the body or organs are divided into anterior and posterior
frontal
100% CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
the study of the form, or structure of body parts and of how these parts relate to
one another
Anatomy
Gross/microscopic, developmental
Subdivisions of Anatomy
The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye
Gross
examination of body tissues using a microscope
microscopic
Cytology & Histology
subdivisions of microscopic anatomy
the study of cells of the body
cytology
the study of the tissues of the body
histology
the study of the functioning of the body's structural machinery- how the parts of
the body work and carry out their life-sustaining activities
physiology
the ability to keep the internal environmental separate and distinct from the
external environment
homeostasis
body is erect with feet together and palms facing forward with the thumbs
pointing away from the body
anatomical position
makes up the main axis of the body, consists of the head, neck, and trunk
axial
consists of appendages or limbs
appendicular
-Function always reflects structure
-What a structure can do depends on its specific form
complementarity of structure and function
the human body incorporates many levels of structural complexity
hierarchy of structural organization
keeps the internal environment separate and distinct from the environment
maintenance of boundaries
the ultimate goal of nearly all body systems is to maintain life. requires several
factors acting together for its persistance
survival needs
communications within the body are essential for homeostasis, accomplished
chiefly by the nervous and endocrine systems
, control mechanism
control center; receptor; effector
3 parts of control mechanisms
prevention of sudden severe changes within the body
negative feedback
enhances the original stimulus and the output is accelerated
positive feedback
placement of a body structure along the long axis of the body (divides the body
into upper and lower)
superior/inferior
directional term meaning above something
superior
directional term meaning below something else
inferior
structures or surfaces that face forward (face, chest, abdomen)
anterior
directional term meaning in the back of (backside of the body)
posterior
toward the midline
medial
away from the midline
lateral
toward the head
cephalad
toward the tail
caudal
backside (posterior)
dorsal
belly side (anterior)
ventral
Nearer to the trunk of the body
proximal
Farther from the trunk of the body
distal
toward or at the body surface
superficial
away from the body surface or more internal
deep
runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left parts
sagittal
exactly midline and the parts are symmetrical or equal
midsagittal
all other sagittal planes offset from the midline
parasagittal
runs longitudinally, but the body or organs are divided into anterior and posterior
frontal
