VTPP 435 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 100%
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osteoclast
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
osteoblast
developing bone cell
osteocytes
a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has
secreted.
What is another function of osteocytes?
RANKL
a chemical that stimulates production of more osteoclasts
Where are osteoblasts found?
they line th esurface of the bone and fllow osteoclasts in cutting cones
What do hormone osteoblasts express?
PTHR
All osteocytes come from osteoclasts.
False, they come from osteoblasts
What re the lining cells of the bone?
inactive osteoblasts
What is the primary mediator in bone?
osteocyte
Osteosclerosis
abnormal condition of bone hardening, osteoblast function
osteoporosis
a condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily (deterioration of
microarchitecture)
What are the osteoclasts driven by?
RANKL
What faciliates resorption of the osteoclasts?
the ruffled border formation
Osteoclasts use amny nuclei for energy
True
3 Main Hormones that control calcium balance in Skeleton
1. PTH
2. 1,25 (OH)2 Vit D3
3. Calcitonin
Where is 25-OH vit D3 made?
the liver
What controls 1alpha-hydroxylase in the kidney?
PTH
What cells release RANKL?
active osteoblasts and osteocytes
, What would decreased calcium levels stimulate?
PTH release
What would a patient with bone formation problems clinically receive to treat the
problem?
hPTH1-34 and hPTH1-84
calcitonin
decreases blood calcium levels
Where is calcitonin made?
parafollicular cells of thyroid gland
What does calcitonin do?
inhibit osteoclactic bone resorption and decreases serum calcium levels
When is calcitonin released?
increased serum calcium levels
What is the type of bone that forms quickly, but is not as strong as cortical bone?
woven bone
physiological action of PTH on a target cell, such as osteoblasts involes action of
what?
GPCR and the proteins
Osteopetrosis
Increased density of atypically soft bone, osteoclast function
How many fractue per year does osteoporosis cause?
1.5 MILLION/YEAR
What do estrogen and testosterone do to the bone?
if have a dec., can cause more bone resorption (supress osteoclast formation)
What do Anti-RANKL treatments do?
removes RANKL to stop resorption
No matter what your age is, a hip fracture still holds the same risk fractures
TRUE
Paget's disease
chronic disease of bone characterized by high rate and disorganized bone turnover
Why is cancer so bad for the skeleton?
Cancer cells(especially breast cancer) stimulate osteoclast to resorb and bones become
weak
What is the most common type of diabetes?
Type 2
Why does type 2 diabetes affect bone health?
it can make a patient hyperglycemic or hypercalciuria, which can cause low bone
turnover and increased risk of fracture. It can also make low bone quality and increased
fall risk.
There is a direct correlation between the skeleton and what system?
cardiovascular system
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects the bone by...
dec. osteoclasts in children
inc. osteoclasts in adults and dec. osteoblasts
What do organophosphates do?
inhibit acetylcholinesterase
CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
osteoclast
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
osteoblast
developing bone cell
osteocytes
a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has
secreted.
What is another function of osteocytes?
RANKL
a chemical that stimulates production of more osteoclasts
Where are osteoblasts found?
they line th esurface of the bone and fllow osteoclasts in cutting cones
What do hormone osteoblasts express?
PTHR
All osteocytes come from osteoclasts.
False, they come from osteoblasts
What re the lining cells of the bone?
inactive osteoblasts
What is the primary mediator in bone?
osteocyte
Osteosclerosis
abnormal condition of bone hardening, osteoblast function
osteoporosis
a condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily (deterioration of
microarchitecture)
What are the osteoclasts driven by?
RANKL
What faciliates resorption of the osteoclasts?
the ruffled border formation
Osteoclasts use amny nuclei for energy
True
3 Main Hormones that control calcium balance in Skeleton
1. PTH
2. 1,25 (OH)2 Vit D3
3. Calcitonin
Where is 25-OH vit D3 made?
the liver
What controls 1alpha-hydroxylase in the kidney?
PTH
What cells release RANKL?
active osteoblasts and osteocytes
, What would decreased calcium levels stimulate?
PTH release
What would a patient with bone formation problems clinically receive to treat the
problem?
hPTH1-34 and hPTH1-84
calcitonin
decreases blood calcium levels
Where is calcitonin made?
parafollicular cells of thyroid gland
What does calcitonin do?
inhibit osteoclactic bone resorption and decreases serum calcium levels
When is calcitonin released?
increased serum calcium levels
What is the type of bone that forms quickly, but is not as strong as cortical bone?
woven bone
physiological action of PTH on a target cell, such as osteoblasts involes action of
what?
GPCR and the proteins
Osteopetrosis
Increased density of atypically soft bone, osteoclast function
How many fractue per year does osteoporosis cause?
1.5 MILLION/YEAR
What do estrogen and testosterone do to the bone?
if have a dec., can cause more bone resorption (supress osteoclast formation)
What do Anti-RANKL treatments do?
removes RANKL to stop resorption
No matter what your age is, a hip fracture still holds the same risk fractures
TRUE
Paget's disease
chronic disease of bone characterized by high rate and disorganized bone turnover
Why is cancer so bad for the skeleton?
Cancer cells(especially breast cancer) stimulate osteoclast to resorb and bones become
weak
What is the most common type of diabetes?
Type 2
Why does type 2 diabetes affect bone health?
it can make a patient hyperglycemic or hypercalciuria, which can cause low bone
turnover and increased risk of fracture. It can also make low bone quality and increased
fall risk.
There is a direct correlation between the skeleton and what system?
cardiovascular system
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects the bone by...
dec. osteoclasts in children
inc. osteoclasts in adults and dec. osteoblasts
What do organophosphates do?
inhibit acetylcholinesterase
