MOVESCI 340 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
100% CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Why is it important to know the factors that impact energy expenditure?
- weight goals and body composition
- Maximize performance
- Know how our energy is being used and maintained
- Recovery
Red blood cells can only use glucose
True
Basal metabolic rate
Minimal amount of energy required to sustain the body's vital functions
- measurement estimates the minimum number of calories needed to function
- largest proportion of daily energy expenditure by far
Resting metabolic rate
The energy required to maintain essential body processes at rest.
- less strict conditions than measuring BMR
- both measure oxygen consumption
RMR = BMR
True
Factors that affect energy expenditure
- physical activity
- eating
- non exercise activity
Dietary induced thermogenesis
eating food stimulates energy metabolism
- reaches maximum after 1 hour after meal
10-35% of calories ingested
obese people often have low DIT
physically active people, DIT represents only a very small proportion of total daily caloric
expenditure
Obligatory thermogenosis
energy requiring processes of digesting, absorbing, and assimilating food
If we have energy that needs to be liberated to digest, we generate ATP, we also
generate heat
Facultative thermogenesis
Related to an increase in activation of sympathetic nervous system which can lead to an
increase in energy metabolism
whole body metabolism, long lasting because we are consuming nutrients from these
substrates
, ____ is important for energy expenditure, increasing this production creates a
resistance to it
Lepton
Non exercise activity thermogenesis
spontaneous activity you do everyday
standing, pacing, fidgeting
someone can increase their NEAT when an increase in food intake
What are the inputs and outputs of energy metabolism? What can we measure?
inputs - food and oxygen
outputs- CO2 and heat
Name the substrates
FOOD
- lipids
- carbs
- proteins
- ketones
Carbohydrate contribution in the body
We have relatively little CHO stored in body.... dietary CHO is very important
Glycogen
Storage form of glucose
- liver and muscle
Liver glycogen
maintain blood glucose
muscle glycogen
local store of fuel for muscle contraction
Glycogen breakdown
broken down into glucose for fuel
glycogenolysis
major source of fuel during moderate to high intensity exercise
depletion during exercise
Lipids
Energy-rich organic compounds
fats, oils, and waxes,
made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Energy dense, 2x as much as CHO
Triglyceride breakdown
MUST be broken down to release fatty acids for energy
= lipolysis
Lipase
enzyme that breaks down triglycerides. Breaks down fat in the small intestine that are
apart of epithelial cells
Protein metabolism
building and breaking down protein = anabolism/catabolism
constantly "turning over"
hormonally regulated
tissue building
100% CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Why is it important to know the factors that impact energy expenditure?
- weight goals and body composition
- Maximize performance
- Know how our energy is being used and maintained
- Recovery
Red blood cells can only use glucose
True
Basal metabolic rate
Minimal amount of energy required to sustain the body's vital functions
- measurement estimates the minimum number of calories needed to function
- largest proportion of daily energy expenditure by far
Resting metabolic rate
The energy required to maintain essential body processes at rest.
- less strict conditions than measuring BMR
- both measure oxygen consumption
RMR = BMR
True
Factors that affect energy expenditure
- physical activity
- eating
- non exercise activity
Dietary induced thermogenesis
eating food stimulates energy metabolism
- reaches maximum after 1 hour after meal
10-35% of calories ingested
obese people often have low DIT
physically active people, DIT represents only a very small proportion of total daily caloric
expenditure
Obligatory thermogenosis
energy requiring processes of digesting, absorbing, and assimilating food
If we have energy that needs to be liberated to digest, we generate ATP, we also
generate heat
Facultative thermogenesis
Related to an increase in activation of sympathetic nervous system which can lead to an
increase in energy metabolism
whole body metabolism, long lasting because we are consuming nutrients from these
substrates
, ____ is important for energy expenditure, increasing this production creates a
resistance to it
Lepton
Non exercise activity thermogenesis
spontaneous activity you do everyday
standing, pacing, fidgeting
someone can increase their NEAT when an increase in food intake
What are the inputs and outputs of energy metabolism? What can we measure?
inputs - food and oxygen
outputs- CO2 and heat
Name the substrates
FOOD
- lipids
- carbs
- proteins
- ketones
Carbohydrate contribution in the body
We have relatively little CHO stored in body.... dietary CHO is very important
Glycogen
Storage form of glucose
- liver and muscle
Liver glycogen
maintain blood glucose
muscle glycogen
local store of fuel for muscle contraction
Glycogen breakdown
broken down into glucose for fuel
glycogenolysis
major source of fuel during moderate to high intensity exercise
depletion during exercise
Lipids
Energy-rich organic compounds
fats, oils, and waxes,
made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Energy dense, 2x as much as CHO
Triglyceride breakdown
MUST be broken down to release fatty acids for energy
= lipolysis
Lipase
enzyme that breaks down triglycerides. Breaks down fat in the small intestine that are
apart of epithelial cells
Protein metabolism
building and breaking down protein = anabolism/catabolism
constantly "turning over"
hormonally regulated
tissue building
