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Characteristic of simple lipids
Hydrophobic
Example of a simple lipid
Triglyceride
Types of compound lipids
Phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
Function of glycolipids
Antibody identification
Characteristic of lipoproteins
Hydrophilic
Types of lipoproteins
Chylomicrons, HDL, LDL, and VLDL
Chylomicrons
Packaged triglycerides from diet
Function of HDL
Picks up more cholesterol to be delivered back to the liver ("good cholesterol")
Characteristics of LDL
Low density = high buoyancy = high lipid content ("bad cholesterol")
Characteristics of VLDL
Mostly contain triglycerides, packaged in the liver
Characteristics of saturated fatty acids
Contain a hydrogen bound at every site, no double bonds, and solid and room
temperature
Characteristics of unsaturated fatty acids
Contain at least 1 double bound and liquid are room temperature
Function of alanine
An amino acid broken down from protein that travels from muscle to the liver to produce
more glucose and return back to the muscle (easily cycled)
Essential amino acids
Cannot be made by the body- nutritionally necessary
Role of vitamins
Aid in chemical reactions and are precursors for important proteins
Characteristics of lipid-soluble vitamins
Slow turnover- excessive doses could be deadly do not need to be ingested daily
Examples of water-soluble vitamins
Vitamin C and B-complex
Characteristics of water-soluble vitamins
Quick turnover- lost in urine
Roles of water in the body
Transportation, lubrication, protection, and temperature regulation