MOVESCI 340 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
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Characteristic of simple lipids
Hydrophobic
Example of a simple lipid
Triglyceride
Types of compound lipids
Phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
Function of glycolipids
Antibody identification
Characteristic of lipoproteins
Hydrophilic
Types of lipoproteins
Chylomicrons, HDL, LDL, and VLDL
Chylomicrons
Packaged triglycerides from diet
Function of HDL
Picks up more cholesterol to be delivered back to the liver ("good cholesterol")
Characteristics of LDL
Low density = high buoyancy = high lipid content ("bad cholesterol")
Characteristics of VLDL
Mostly contain triglycerides, packaged in the liver
Characteristics of saturated fatty acids
Contain a hydrogen bound at every site, no double bonds, and solid and room
temperature
Characteristics of unsaturated fatty acids
Contain at least 1 double bound and liquid are room temperature
Function of alanine
An amino acid broken down from protein that travels from muscle to the liver to produce
more glucose and return back to the muscle (easily cycled)
Essential amino acids
Cannot be made by the body- nutritionally necessary
Role of vitamins
Aid in chemical reactions and are precursors for important proteins
Characteristics of lipid-soluble vitamins
Slow turnover- excessive doses could be deadly do not need to be ingested daily
Examples of water-soluble vitamins
Vitamin C and B-complex
Characteristics of water-soluble vitamins
Quick turnover- lost in urine
Roles of water in the body
Transportation, lubrication, protection, and temperature regulation
Effect of insulin on lipolysis
, Very high amounts of insulin results in a stop in lipolysis
Meals < 1 hr before exercise leads to
Transient decrease in glucose (hypoglycemia) and decreased lipolysis (CHO meals)
Meals < 4 hours before exercise..
Recommended, leads to increase glycogen utilization
Impact of aerobic training on fuel utilization
Less CHO oxidized, more intramuscular triglycerides oxidized
Two types of anaerobic ATP production
ATP-PC system and anaerobic glycolysis
Role of the Kreb's Cycle
Completes oxidation to produce NADH and FADH to enter the electron transport chain
Electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation
Electrons are removed from NADH and FADH to produce ATP
Energy system of short term, high intensity exercise
Anaerobic glycolysis
Energy system of long-term, low to moderate intensity exercise
Aerobic metabolism
Immediate energy sources
ATP-PC system and limited store of high energy phosphates
Respiratory quotient gives an estimation of
Substrates oxidized/utilized in energy expenditure
Fates of lactic acid
Oxidized to pyruvate in the liver and then glucose to enter blood, goes to highly aerobic
muscles, or enters blood and H+ ion dissociates
ATP to PCr ratio
1:5
ATP to ADP ratio
500:1
RQ for fat
0.70
RQ for CHO
1
Role of calcium
Muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and bone formation
Role of phosphorous
Acid-base balance
Role of potassium
Fluid and acid-base balance
Role of sulfur
Acid-base balance
Role of sodium
Nerve function, water and acid-base balance
Role of chlorine
Electrolyte balance
Role of magnesium
Protein synthesis
100% CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Characteristic of simple lipids
Hydrophobic
Example of a simple lipid
Triglyceride
Types of compound lipids
Phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
Function of glycolipids
Antibody identification
Characteristic of lipoproteins
Hydrophilic
Types of lipoproteins
Chylomicrons, HDL, LDL, and VLDL
Chylomicrons
Packaged triglycerides from diet
Function of HDL
Picks up more cholesterol to be delivered back to the liver ("good cholesterol")
Characteristics of LDL
Low density = high buoyancy = high lipid content ("bad cholesterol")
Characteristics of VLDL
Mostly contain triglycerides, packaged in the liver
Characteristics of saturated fatty acids
Contain a hydrogen bound at every site, no double bonds, and solid and room
temperature
Characteristics of unsaturated fatty acids
Contain at least 1 double bound and liquid are room temperature
Function of alanine
An amino acid broken down from protein that travels from muscle to the liver to produce
more glucose and return back to the muscle (easily cycled)
Essential amino acids
Cannot be made by the body- nutritionally necessary
Role of vitamins
Aid in chemical reactions and are precursors for important proteins
Characteristics of lipid-soluble vitamins
Slow turnover- excessive doses could be deadly do not need to be ingested daily
Examples of water-soluble vitamins
Vitamin C and B-complex
Characteristics of water-soluble vitamins
Quick turnover- lost in urine
Roles of water in the body
Transportation, lubrication, protection, and temperature regulation
Effect of insulin on lipolysis
, Very high amounts of insulin results in a stop in lipolysis
Meals < 1 hr before exercise leads to
Transient decrease in glucose (hypoglycemia) and decreased lipolysis (CHO meals)
Meals < 4 hours before exercise..
Recommended, leads to increase glycogen utilization
Impact of aerobic training on fuel utilization
Less CHO oxidized, more intramuscular triglycerides oxidized
Two types of anaerobic ATP production
ATP-PC system and anaerobic glycolysis
Role of the Kreb's Cycle
Completes oxidation to produce NADH and FADH to enter the electron transport chain
Electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation
Electrons are removed from NADH and FADH to produce ATP
Energy system of short term, high intensity exercise
Anaerobic glycolysis
Energy system of long-term, low to moderate intensity exercise
Aerobic metabolism
Immediate energy sources
ATP-PC system and limited store of high energy phosphates
Respiratory quotient gives an estimation of
Substrates oxidized/utilized in energy expenditure
Fates of lactic acid
Oxidized to pyruvate in the liver and then glucose to enter blood, goes to highly aerobic
muscles, or enters blood and H+ ion dissociates
ATP to PCr ratio
1:5
ATP to ADP ratio
500:1
RQ for fat
0.70
RQ for CHO
1
Role of calcium
Muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and bone formation
Role of phosphorous
Acid-base balance
Role of potassium
Fluid and acid-base balance
Role of sulfur
Acid-base balance
Role of sodium
Nerve function, water and acid-base balance
Role of chlorine
Electrolyte balance
Role of magnesium
Protein synthesis
