BIO 269 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 100%
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You are on a two day hiking trip to the mountains. You pack adequate provisions
including plenty of water because you know that no water is available on the trail.
About 4 hours into the hike you fall on loose rock and your backpack falls,
breaking the water bottles which soaks the ground. You decide to go back due to
the lack of water. Explain what will happen to your urine concentration and why?
Mention the specific events that occur along different parts of the nephron.
Dehydration will occur. The kidneys will not be able to concentrate the filtrate produced
by glomerular filtration.
If you are shipwrecked on an island with no access to fresh water, should you
drink seawater?
No. It will make you more dehydrated because of the high sodium concentration.
You like drinking water, all day and everyday. Explain the events in the nephron
(and the related hormones) that enable you to remain in osmotic equilibrium.
Urine will be more dilute because you will be reabsorbing more water back into your
nephron to be excreted since you already would have enough water absorbed.
Aldosterone and ADH mechanisms will balance each other.
What is tidal volume?
Amount of air inspired or expired during normal, quiet respiration
What is inspiratory reserve volume?
Amount of air forcefully inspired above and beyond normal inspiration
What is expiratory reserve volume?
Amount of air forcefully expired beyond normal expiration
What is vital capacity?
Maximal amount of air that can be forcefully expired after a maximal inspiration
An athlete and non-athlete both take a pulmonary function test to measure their
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV). Which person do you think would have the
higher FEV and why?
The athlete will have the higher FEV because their total lung capacity (TLC) is greater
due to utilizing lung capacity and reserve.
What might the value of pulmonary function tests be in exercise science?
To check lung capabilities
In your own words, explain the effect of holding your breath on the respiratory
pattern (i.e. how does breathing change after holding your breath?). Why?
Respiratory rate and depth increase because O2 reserve is less. As a result CO2 builds
up more.
During which phase of respiration can the breath be held the longest? Why?
Inspiration because the lungs will hold oxygenated air and will continue to give O2 and
take CO2 while holding your breath.
What do you think is the clinical importance of the FVC and FEV1 values?
FVC and FEV1 values show respiratory function.
Why do you think the ratio of FVC and FEV1 values is important to clinicians
when diagnosing respiratory diseases?
CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
You are on a two day hiking trip to the mountains. You pack adequate provisions
including plenty of water because you know that no water is available on the trail.
About 4 hours into the hike you fall on loose rock and your backpack falls,
breaking the water bottles which soaks the ground. You decide to go back due to
the lack of water. Explain what will happen to your urine concentration and why?
Mention the specific events that occur along different parts of the nephron.
Dehydration will occur. The kidneys will not be able to concentrate the filtrate produced
by glomerular filtration.
If you are shipwrecked on an island with no access to fresh water, should you
drink seawater?
No. It will make you more dehydrated because of the high sodium concentration.
You like drinking water, all day and everyday. Explain the events in the nephron
(and the related hormones) that enable you to remain in osmotic equilibrium.
Urine will be more dilute because you will be reabsorbing more water back into your
nephron to be excreted since you already would have enough water absorbed.
Aldosterone and ADH mechanisms will balance each other.
What is tidal volume?
Amount of air inspired or expired during normal, quiet respiration
What is inspiratory reserve volume?
Amount of air forcefully inspired above and beyond normal inspiration
What is expiratory reserve volume?
Amount of air forcefully expired beyond normal expiration
What is vital capacity?
Maximal amount of air that can be forcefully expired after a maximal inspiration
An athlete and non-athlete both take a pulmonary function test to measure their
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV). Which person do you think would have the
higher FEV and why?
The athlete will have the higher FEV because their total lung capacity (TLC) is greater
due to utilizing lung capacity and reserve.
What might the value of pulmonary function tests be in exercise science?
To check lung capabilities
In your own words, explain the effect of holding your breath on the respiratory
pattern (i.e. how does breathing change after holding your breath?). Why?
Respiratory rate and depth increase because O2 reserve is less. As a result CO2 builds
up more.
During which phase of respiration can the breath be held the longest? Why?
Inspiration because the lungs will hold oxygenated air and will continue to give O2 and
take CO2 while holding your breath.
What do you think is the clinical importance of the FVC and FEV1 values?
FVC and FEV1 values show respiratory function.
Why do you think the ratio of FVC and FEV1 values is important to clinicians
when diagnosing respiratory diseases?
